Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Sidor ...
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
Below is the raw OCR text
from the above scanned image.
Do you see an error? Proofread the page now!
Här nedan syns maskintolkade texten från faksimilbilden ovan.
Ser du något fel? Korrekturläs sidan nu!
This page has never been proofread. / Denna sida har aldrig korrekturlästs.
liypothesis is founded on a sa-ious undeiestimation of ti» length of time
needed by a spiuce to giosv fi-orn oxigo to bi-east lieiglit An aiov of a
guai-ta- of a cesstuiy must, bo \?e vex, not be undaiated is a discussion of this
bind. Tbe valnes obtai’/»d by tlie piesent authox show tliat, in spite of
xavaging stoims dming tlie 13th and 2Ötli centm-ies, spiuce; fiom yeais befove
173ö stand close enough to malte it isnpossible to suppose tliat tlie foiest has
developed fiom a pastnie, atandoned at tlie dis continuatio n of tiie pstteiy
factoi-y in 17fi Tx.
Thus, tbe eoology of tlie dviaif tiee is one of tbe impoxtant factois in
an illucidation of tlie liistoiy of tbe stoxm-gap foiest It is obvions tliat tlie
bis t development of tlie spiuce is las snccessful in tlie noinial bottom
laya-than on nedaphidesn. Socli "edaplsides» aie exeinplified by oveitnmed
l-oot-systesris, laige boulda-s and fallen tinnlcs (Swedish »låga», pi. ulSgpii).
Bstamples aie to be found on p. 1(13 167.
Tbe decaying fallen tinnlis play an impsitant idle in tlie liista-y of tlie
s pmce foiest, and tlie autliox bas tlieiefoie dxaivn up a scale nneaotisation«
iritli 6 degiees. Gaminating seeds of tlie spiuce aie found along tinnlrs in
stages 5 it 6 of neciotisation. As in tlie elassical piotuies fi-om Kubany by
Gonso-ÄX, it is also easy at Giansltäx and in Ti by to find geisainating young
spyuoes is io\rs because of tlie leg-enexatian along tbe decaying fallen tivnlcs.
An instiuctive pictuie of sucli a iqw of tiees about 130 yeais old is to be
seen on fig. 03. Of tbe fallen tiunlt no lemains can te obseived, and
afta-tlie laps of absut SKJ yeais afta- tbe fall of a taunlt it seessis to be
impossible to detect iti piesence in tlie covex of Äpicvwim; ji; , tbe ooIonisation
of ivliicli indicates neaotisation degi-ee 6.
In lefeience to tlie oindi tions in tlie eutiopbic paits of tbe Ku ta ny
pi-imeval sptuce foi-ets, it lias teen claimed tliat ttie noinial type of taancliing
and an ef 11 den t cleaiing of tvrigs (comp. tig. 63) sliould chai-acteiize all spi-uces is
a natuial foiest Sudi a gaseialisation is, liowevei-, nnwai-ianted. It doa not
apply to tlie oligoti-ophic Iify(o.w>iiifUj-spiuce-foi-est of Tiby; teie tlie spiuces
may te ii-iegulai-ly bi-anclied (nspängienighetu, comp. fig. (JO), bnt in mai-e
eutiopbic, lei-baceous, paits tliey become noxmaliy bianclied, comp. figs. JiO öt.
At tlie fii-st visit to a natm-al oi- pi-isneval spiuce foiest, one may be
sux-pi-ised to find tliat tlie Unnks aie not so laige as one v/oold net-haps have
eepeeted. Hiis physionomical featui-e is ds» to two factois: 1) tl» small annual
diameta- gi-owtli wlia-e tbe vitality of tlie spiuce has been iedvoed by density
of tlie staisi oi- by i-oot fnngi so tliat tlie tiunlis appeai- yovosga- tlian
tliey leally aie, and 2) tbe pai-ticulax susceptibility of tlie spi-nces to
stoi-m-feUiisg. Tbis latta- factox, vdiicb bas eai-liei- teen neglected oi- misnndeistood,
desei-vss special empliasis. Tlie fact ttiat tlie foiest looks os mpaiati sely young
is ivell-illustxated by a gieat numba- of boisngs, made by Hlissmosaw in
oi-dei- to pio>e a conti-ai-y contesssion in a numbei- of spiuces gi-ovong up
into tlie ci-owns of laige biiebes and aspens. Tlese bii-clies piove to te
<< prev. page << föreg. sida << >> nästa sida >> next page >>
