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DEMOGRAPHY OF SWEDEN.
123-
Mortality.
During the decade 1891/1900, the average yearly number of deaths
in Sweden amounted to but 16-86 per thousand of the population — the
lowest figure ever observed in any European country. Lower figures
have sometimes been given for certain districts in America and
Australia, but they cannot be regarded as reliable. It is, therefore,
highly probable that this Swedish figure is the lowest ever observed
in the whole world.
Table 22. Mortality in Sweden, compared loith some other countries.
Average for
the years
Death-rate, °/oo.
Korop*0 Sweden. Norway. England. France.
Death-rate in Sweden in % of
the death-rate of
Western „ ,
Europe. Norway. England. France.
1801 20......................28-0 26-8 23 1 • 278 96 116 98
182140......................26-7 23-2 19 6 • 24-7 87 118 94
1841,60......................26 2 21-2 17-6 22 8 23 5 81 120 95 . 90
1861/70 ....................26 1 20-2 18-0 225 23’6 77 112 90 86
1871 80......................25-7 18-8 17 0 21-4 23 7 71 108 86 77
1881/90...........1 24 0 16-9 17 1 19 2 22 2 70 99 88 76
1886 95...........; 23-8 16 5 16 9 188 222 71 98 88 74
Table 7 gave a view of the history of mortality in this country
daring the last two centuries, and Table 22 makes a comparison
between Sweden and some other countries, for the century which has just
come to an end. It may be seen very clearly by means of this last
table how the position of Sweden has, in the course of time,
become more and more favourable. If the rate of mortality in Sweden
is compared with that of the whole of Western Europe, the rate in
Sweden will for the period 1801/20 be found to be only 4 % lower than
that of the entire continent; but from 1886/95 it is 29 % lower. The
mortality in Norway formerly used to be lower than that of Sweden,
but now the death-rate of Sweden is rather the lesser. During the
period 1801/20, the figures for France and Sweden were almost equal;
at present, the mortality in Sweden is 25 % lower than that in France.
The Swedish figures are, at present, 12 % lower than those of England;
during the period 1841/60, the advantage was only 5*.
During the ten years 1886/95, the total average death-rate per thousand was:
for Sweden, 16-5; Norway, 16-9; Denmark, 18-6; England, 18-8; Scotland, 19-o;
Netherlands, 20-o; Belgium, 20-3; Switzerland, 20-3; Finland, 20-3; France 22-2;
the German Empire, 23-8; Italy, 26-5; the west of Austria, 27-o; Servia 27-7;
Galicia-Bukovina, 31*2; Hungary, 31-s; Russia, 33-9; the whole of Western Europe,
23-3; Eastern Europe, 33-o; the whole of Europe, 27-1.
The great decrease of mortality in Sweden during the 19th century
is an incontrovertible proof of the progress made, during this period,
by the nation, not only in civilization, but also in material welfare.
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