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226 III. CONSTITUTION AND ADMINISTRATION OF SWEDEN.
The commander-in-chief at Karlskrona is also commander of the
fortifications.
To each station belongs a navy yard, the director of which subordinates
directly under the Admiralty. The work of the yards is divided in five sections:
the departments of artillery, torpedoes, mines, equipage, and engineers.
Control over and account of money, proviant, clothing etc. are left to the
counting office of the station consisting of most of its civil functionaries.
The personnel of the navy consists of a cadre, reserve, and
non-scripts, and is divided in the following corpses and bodies: a) military
corpses: officers (and midshipmen), non-commissioned officers, sailors, and
boys; b) civil-military-bodies: marine engineers, the civil staff, the
ecclesiastical staff, the medical staff, labourers, and policemen.
The active personnel of the oorps of officers consists, according to
the budget, of 210 officers, viz. 3 admirals, 7 commodores, 14 captains
of 1st rank, 15 of 2nd rank, 75 commanders or lieutenant-commanders,
65 lieutenants, and 31 sublieutenants. Naval officers are recruited from
the corps of midshipmen, which is trained for 6 years in the Naval
College, during winter in Stockholm and in summertime (4 months)
on board ships (1 corvette, 1 gunboat and 1 torpedoboat). The age of
admission is between 13 and 16. The training is superior to that of
most other navies both as to theory and practice. With regard to
theoretical training this holds good also of the officers, as they pass
through not only training schools in drill, shooting, signaling, and the
handling of mines and torpedoes, but also a two years’ course at the
Naval Academy. The very important practical service at sea is,
however, not so well cared for as might be wished. But this is soon
going to be remedied. — Officers belonging to the naval reserve are of four
categories, together about 180 persons. Most of them are reserveofficers
belonging to the mercantile marine, who have passed a years’ course at
the schools of the navy with or without shorter courses of repetition.
The corps of non-commissioned officers consists, according to the
budget, of 120 warrant officers, 242 petty officers or together 362. The
non-commissioned officers are enrolled on eight staffs: gunners, boatswains,
mates, miscellaneous, engine-room-artificers, artisans?«toEpedo-chief-stokers,
and carpenters. For appointment as non-commissioned officer it is
required to pass a special examination and to have served I1/» to 2 years
as quartermaster. The non-commissioned officers of the reserve are about
90 in number.
The common men of the navy consist of the corps of sailors, the
corps of boys, and the conscripts of the navy. The corps of sailors of
the old system of distribution of the army and navy, which had existed
over 200 years, became gradually vacant after the change in organization
of 1888. Since then the organization of the navy men has undergone
several changes, and a satisfactory recompensation for the old sailors has
not yet been reached. According to the organization adopted for 1902
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