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302
IV. EDUCATION AND MENTAL CULTURE IN SWEDEN.
Sloyd instruction for educational purposes is in Sweden taught chiefly to
boys from 10 to 14 years of age, and that is the reason why at Nääs the sloyd
instruction has been limited to Sloyd carpentry, as being the most suitable for pnpils
of that age. In some schools, however, cardboard and metal-sloyd, turner)- and
wood-carving are also taught. The educational sloyd claims its place at the schools
as an element of general education. Its object is not to train cabinet-makers or
other artisans. Its aim is, on the other hand, the moral, intellectual, and
physical development of the pupil by teaching him orderliness, attentiveness, and
perseverance, by training his eye to see better and his hand to work better, and
— above all — by giving, together with gymnastics, a healthy counterbalance
against onesided book-work. »Quality not quantity» is the motto of pedagogical sloyd,
for which reason it does not require of children many and large pieces of work,
but the greatest possible accuracy in arriving at a result, which is qaiued
by beginning with comparatively simple models and by only gradually, in
progressive order, passing on to more complex work.
Sloyd-room at the Nääs Slöjdlärareseminarium.
The Nääs method is based on what is called exercises. By exercises in this
connection is to be understood the manipulation of the materials by means of
one tool or more, in a definite way, for a definite object. Theoretically spoken, an
unlimited number of such exercises may, of course, be conceived, but the question
in this case being the arranging of a sloyd method pertinent to practical
instruction, a restriction is necessitated, and that is why the Nääs method demands
only 68 such exercises. With a good form from an esthetical point of view the
objects made must unite a practical purpose, and thus in order to strengthen the
bond between the home and the school, hardly any articles but those likely to prove
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