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PUBLIC COLLEGES.
327
The Appointment of Teachers is in the hands of the Chapters (in
Stockholm in those of the two Boards of directors, see p. 320); against their decision
complaint may be lodged with the Government. As is the case with the majority
of Swedish officials, public school teachers with fixed appointments cannot be
removed unless upon judicial trial and sentence.
The Salaries of the regular teachers are apportioned in five gradations.
Five years of service entitles to promotion to a higher gradation from the next lower,
and then the service as assistant teacher may also be taken into account from the
time of completed competency. A lector’s salary thus rises from 2,500 to 4,500
kronor, an adjunct’s from 1,500 to 3,500 kronor (a krona = l-io shill.). Ever
since the year 1883, the Riksdag has annually granted an increase of salary to the
extent of 500 kronor, which must be added to the above figures. In some towns,
where the cost of living is high, a special contribution towards rent is made by the
local authorities. The principals receive at the higher colleges at first 4,500, and
after ten years of service 5,000 kronor; at the five-year schools 3,500, and after
ten years 4,000 kronor; and at the three-year schools 3,000, and after fifteen years
3,500 kronor. In addition, they are provided with a house, or with the rent
for a house, and enjoy the above-mentioned increase of 500 kronor. The salary of
the exercise masters is paid at the higher colleges in three gradations, and at
the lower, where the hours of required service are much fewer, with a fixed
amount varying for various schools. — When a teacher has attained an age which
added to his years of service makes up the number 100, he obtains a pension,
80 % of his salary. Widows and children receive considerable sums in pensions
out of a fund to which fixed contributions are annually made by the teachers.
Ever since 1882, the teacherships at the schools of three and fewer years have
been filled by men appointed temporarily; in consequence of this and of the great
irregularity of increase in the numbers of students at different colleges, the number
of teachers on the permanent staff is at the present time below what it should
be, and has to be augmented by assistant teachers. The number of these amounted
to no less than 207 in the year 1899—1900. The average age at which adjuncts
obtain their ordinary appointments has risen to almost 40. As a temporary relief,
while the question of reform is pending, the Riksdag of 1901, has granted means
for the appointment of 80 new regular teachers, viz. 15 lectors and 65 adjuncts.
During the school-year 1899—1900, 27 positions (in drawing and music) in
the public colleges were occupied by women.
Finances. Every town where a public college is situated is bound
to provide, free of cost, a site for the school-house, extensive enough
to provide space for the games and open-air exercises of the boys.
In certain cases the towns are also under obligation to build and keep
the school-house in repair; in other cases again, this duty falls upon
the building-funds of the colleges and of the diocese. Where these have
not proved sufficient, the Riksdag has occasionally made a special grant
to meet the wants. — The Swedish school-buildings may, in general, be
said to fulfil in a high measure the requirements of practical utility
and elegant appearance.
The cost of some recent school-buildings (their fitting-up, but not their site
inclusive) has amounted to the following figures; the Norrmalm Classical College
at Stockholm 842,000 kronor; the Scientific College in Gothenburg 542,000
kronor; the College at Vexjö 317,000 kronor; the Scientific College in Stockholm
783,000 kronor, and so on. The value of all the public college buildings in the
country was assessed for the year 1899 at 10’49 million kronor.
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