Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - First part - IV. Education and Mental Culture - 7. Public Collections and Institutions for Science and Art. Periodical Literature. By B. Lundstedt, Ph. D., Librarian at the Royal Library, Stockholm - The Nobel Foundation
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THE NOBEL INSTITUTION.
379
of the first order, and
exercised a vast activity
both in Sweden and in
Russia. Two of his sons,
Robert Hjalmar and
Ludvig Imanuel,
founded the naphta industry
in Baku, one of the
greatest and most
successful enterprises known to
the industrial history of
the nineteenth century.
A third son, Alfred
Nobel, who was born in
Stockholm in 1833, and
died in 1896, was known
as the inventor of
dynamite; he made himself
famous for all time by
the great donation which
now bears his name.
Alfred Nobel
bequeathed nearly the
whole of his fortune
(more than 30 million
kronor) to a fund, the
interest of which shall
be annually paid out
to those who during
the immediate past
»have conferred the
greatest benefit on
mankind» in certain lines. The interest is to be divided into five equal
parts to be allotted as follows: »one part to the person who shall have
made the greatest discovery or invention in domain of physics; one part
to the person who shall have made the most important chemical
discovery or improvement; one part to the person who shall have made
the most important discovery in the domain of physiology or medicine;
one part to the person who shall have produced in the field of literature
the most distinguished work of an idealistic tendency; and one part to
the person who shall have most or best promoted the fraternity of
nations and the abolition or diminution of standing armies, and the
formation and propagation of peace congresses». The prizes in physics
and chemistry are awarded by the Academy of Sciences in Stockholm;
in physiology and medicine, by the Caroline Institute in Stockholm;
in literature, by the Swedish Academy in Stockholm; and for the work
of peace, by a committee of five persons nominated by the Norwegian
Storthing.
Alfred Nobel.
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