Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - VI. Agriculture and Cattle-Breeding - 1. Agriculture. Partly after information from P. Lundell, Ebbetorp, Member of the Riksdag - Horticulture and Floriculture, after Director E. Lindgren, Tumba, and Director Aug. P. Andersson, Stockholm
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548
VI. AGRICULTURE AND CATTLE-BREEDING OF SWEDEN.
lifts, and other places. These nursery-gardens are not only capable of supplying
the constantly growing demands of the country for fruit-trees and other nursery
plants, but also yield a surplus for exportation. The largest nursery in Sweden
is at the so-called Experimental Grounds (Experimentalfältet) near Stockholm,
belonging to the Royal Academy of Agriculture. The methods employed for propagating
trees and bushes, as also their general treatment, are the same as in other countries.
Instruction. Among schools for the training of gardeners may be mentioned
the school in connection with the Swedish Horticultural Society, the schools at
the Bergius Gardens and at the Experimental Grounds, both near Stockholm, the
Agricultural High Schools at Ultuna, near Uppsala, and at Alnarp in Skåne.
Moreover, many gardeners are trained both at the Royal Palace Gardens and at
other large gardens. The schools at the Experimental Grounds and of the Swedish
Horticultural Society, are the chief educational institutions in the kingdom. —
Instruction in gardening is also imparted at the lower agricultural schools,
distributed over the whole kingdom.
The firmest basis for this branch of culture lies, however, in its being made
a subject of popular education. Gardening is taught at the Seminaries for
Common School Teachers, and, furthermore, at all Common schools in the kingdom
there are school gardens, for which purpose the parish must grant the necessary
ground. These gardens are to contain the most usual culinary herbs, a few
medical plants, an arboretum, etc. The children there learn to work in a garden,
and each year receive trees and bushes to plant at their own homes.
Besides the two important Botanical Gardens at Uppsala and Lund, which
are more especially intended for academical tuition, but are, moreover, of great
importance as institutions for testing and acclimatizing, we must not omit to
mention the aforesaid Experimental Grounds of the Academy of Agriculture, a large
space, where a considerable number of park and fruit-trees and ornamental shrubs
are raised, and trials made to acclimatize and utilize them, as well as our kitchen
herbs and decorative plants.
Horticultural Societies, to the number of about twenty, spread all over the
kingdom, are active in promoting shows, issuing and distributing publications,
imparting instruction, and supplying plants and seed. Among such societies may
be mentioned the Swedish Horticultural Society (Svenska Trädgårdsföreningen),
founded as early as 1832, attached to which is an extensive culture of plants,
fruit, and trees; the Gardeners’ Society of Stockholm (Stockholms Gartnersftllskap);
the Skåne Horticultural Society (Skånska Trädgårdsföreningen), at Lund; the
Friends of Horticulture (Hortikulturens Vänner), at Gothenburg; and others. The
Agricultural Societies employ master gardeners, one for each Län, who are to
aid the public with advice and information.
The railways, which by their neat buildings have in no slight degree
contributed to the improvement of the houses of the peasantry, in the same way haTe
effected untold good by their gardens adjacent to the stations.
As to the imports and exports of garden products, we note that the export
is of no great consequence, and that among articles of import there were, in 1900,
living plants to the value of 403,607 kronor, flowers, 253,408 kronor, and
flower-bulbs to the value of 300,441 kronor. Cf. Table 78, p. 569.
The process of development which Horticulture has undergone of låte yean in
Sweden is to be attributed not only to increased enlightenment, but also to the
example given by a number of large estate owners, on whose land this cultivation
has for some time flourished, and to the encouragement given by the Government,
Agricultural Societies, and private Associations.
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