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658
VII. FORESTRY OF SWEDEN’.
Table 88. Sweden’s Exports of unwrought timber. By kind.
Cubic meters à 35-8 2 cubic feet or 0 s5 32 register ton.
A) General kinds
of timber.
Average
1871/75.
Average
1876/80.
Average
1881/85.
Average
1886/90.
Average
1891/95.
Average
189600.
Deals and boards............2,224,759 2,619,474 3,247,987 3,755,209 4,168,850 I 4,838,684
Deal and board ends 104,498 143,201 217,921 283,362 352,558 372,010
Beams and rafters.... 443,334 374,457 392,387 281,378 300,238 326,099
Round timber....................152,988 149,271 189,281 188,129 170,998 I 144,686
Pitprops..................................245,838 279,370 376,928 513,749 744,891 | 871,3911
Other kinds..........................130,651 145,559 150,972 182,444 215,931 | 269,268
Total 3,302,048 3,711,332 4,975,47* 5,201,271 3,933,416 | 0,822,1»
B) Specification.
Deals and battens ... 1 12,501,561 2,541,967 2,731,755
Boards....................>2,224,759 2,619,474 3,247,987 h,060,438 1,352,890 1,639,639
Planed boards..........J I 193,210 273,993 467,290
Deal and board ends 104,498 143,201 217,921 283,362 352,558 372,010
Beams1......................................251,526 210,645 202,287 103,279 75,774 67,953 i
Rafters......................................191,808 163,812 190,100 178,099 224,464 258,1461
Timber, masts»................135,967 132,361 168,820 155,543 118,445 75,380
Spars and small tim- i
ber............................................17,021 16,910 20,464 32,586 52,553 69,306
Pitprops....................................245,838 279,370 376,928 513,749 744,891 871,391
Staves........................................30,400 35,950 39,150 44,400 46,822 47,246
Sleepers....................................9,659 7,554 10,476 11,490 10,820 48,056
Fuel-wood ............................54,142 70,155 73,966 93,484 95,144 72^59
Other kinds..........................36,450 31,900 27,380 33,070 63,145 101,407
Total 3,302,008 3,711,332 4,S7S,47« S,204,271 | 5,0S3,4M 0,822,138
The saw-blades are changed every time a new dimension is to be sawn.
In this respect the large saw-mills have an advantage, as they can with more
facility saw several dimensions at a time without needing to change frames so
frequently. The old saw-blades were rather thick and had a long stroke, so that
they consequently worked slowly and wasted much timber (about 10 ?È). On
account of the raised prices of timber, and under the influence of competition,
however, great efforts have been made to remedy these deficiencies as much as
possible. The saw-blades are now made quite thin, and consequently they require
a smaller »set» (the alternate inclination of the saw-teeth sideways), and give less
saw-dust, but a smoother surface. — After the logs have passed through the frames
and have been cut into boards, they are finished by edging, the boards being
then passed between the two circular saws of the edging-machine.
The boardB or deals are now arranged according to their different
dimensions, and, where necessary, are sorted according to quality, after which they are
run into the lumber-yard on trolley-cars and piled up in stacks to dry. The
dimensions of sawn wood can vary between 12 in. (Engl.) by 4 in. all the way
down to 1 in. by 1/a in. The most usual kinds are deals, battens, and boardi,
which are also the largest dimensions; there are also scantlings, planchettes,
fence-pales, glass-box boards, slatings, and staves, which are made in special
stare-machines, from the waste accumulating in frame-sawing (laths and slabs).
1 Of a thickness of 20 centimeters (8 inches) or more at the middle. — * Of a
diameter of 25 centimeters (10 inches) or more at the small end.
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