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FRESH-WATER FISHING.
675
sea fishing. Furthermore, in comparing the fisheries of Sweden with those of other
countries, it is worthy of notice that with us the boats and fishing-tackle are owned
by the fishermen themselves, the members of the crew being part-owners in the
boat or vessel, and the profits being divided according to the shares owned, after
a certain portion has been deducted for keeping the boat in repairs; thus, there
are no crews hired by ship-owners or companies to be found.
Salt-Water Fishing.
Herring (Clupea harengus) and small berring (Clupea liarengus,
var. membras L.) are the most important of all our species of fish.
Herring-fishing in Bohuslän attracts the greatest attention, both on account
of the great extent which it reaches at certain times and also because
of the peculiar circumstance with respect to the appearance of the
herring, which has been characteristic as far back as history goes. The
herring has, namely, after having appeared along the coast and entered
the fiords for several decades, for long periods ceased to enter the Bohus
archipelago, where during these interims only the ordinary coast
herring has appeared and then only in small numbers in comparison with
the rich fishing years. Such a period of rich herring-fishing on the Bohus
coast began in 1877 and has continued up to the last few years when
the fishing often has failed. Whether this implies that the »herring-period»
is for this time approaching its end or whether it is to be ascribed
to occasional and transient causes, is at present undecided. With
reference to Table 94, informations are given below as to the quantities of
exported fresh fish (of which the greatest part consists of herring) for
every year of the herring-period in question. The export was:
Id Quintals. In Quintals.
In Quintals.
187 7........................227
187 8........................9,536
187 9........................4,300
188 0........................11,162
188L......................30,346
1882........................45,811
.... ..................43,019
In Quintals.
188 4........................20,252
188 5........................120,965
188 6........................221,313
188 7........................340,960
188 8........................391,441
188 9........................558,069
189 0........................678,184
189 1..................681,278
1892 ................907,022
189 3..................773,848
1894 ................1,001,344
1895 ................816,090
18%..................677,232
1897..................229,507
189 8............ 396,691
189 9............ 226344
190 0............ 44,778
190 1............ 102,790
190 2............ 51,719
190 3............ 75,000
The herring has been caught partly in seines in the inner fiords, partly in
setting-nets. Early in the autumn (August—October) much herring is caught in
drift-nets along the southern coasts of Bohuslän and Halland. In September—
October fishermen from Skåne and other provinces also fish herring with drift-nets
in the southern part of the Kattegatt and in the Sound, as well as fishermen from
Skåne and Blekinge throughout the whole summer in the southern part of the Baltic.
The same kind of fishing is also carried on during summer around the island of
Gotland. In the bays and fiords of the archipelago along the coast from Blekinge
northward, herring and small herring are fished with drag-nets principally during
spawningtime in spring and the early part of summer; in some places in Central
Sweden, also during winter under the ice with very large drag-nets, so-called
winter drag-nets. Besides, there is used a special kind of herring-nets called
standing-nets, which along the Norrland coast are tied very deep and are turned inward in the
shape of a hook and are called »hook-nets» or »deep-nets». Also fykes are used
for fishing small herring in certain parts on the Norrland coast.
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