Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 2. Textile and Clothing Industry, by Prof. G. Sellergren, Stockholm - The Linen and Jute-cloth industry
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806 x. manufacturing industries of 8wedbn.
Table. 124. Imports and exports of Flax and hemp, and articles of
manufacture made from them. In quintals à 1’9" cwts.
Averages for
the years
Flax.
Imports. I Exports.
Hemp.
Imports. Exports.
Yarn and thread
of flax and hemp.
Imports. I Exports.
Linen and hemp
cloth.
Imports. Exports.
1861/65......................2,304 34 17,112 27 194 1 1,366 94
1866/70......................3,544 576 16,644 17 432 5 2,433 339
1871/75......................4,399 I 485 19,445 38 1,159 6 5,395 587
1876/80......................5,470 j 147 16,023 61 1,209 3 3,295 504
1881/85......................5,140 1 27 15,992 208 1,5% 27 3,548 463
1886/90......................5,845 4 16,797 139 1,489 1 2,984 358
1891/95 ......................7,256 — 18,681 : 130 1,660 1 3,933 211
1896/00......................6,622 — 22,472 j — 3,000 1 5,891 108
In 1900 ....................3,817 - 21,732 - 2,660 — 5,839 84
Jute (Corchorus capsularis), a raw material of this class, has of låte
years become the subject of a rapidly developed and splendid trade,
the representatives of which are Skandinaviska Jutespinneri- och
väfveri-aktiebolaget (Jute factory) at Oskarström, and Svenska
Juteväfceri-aktiebolaget, Södertelge. These manufactures have an exceedingly varied
employment, as comprehending jute-yarn, netting yarn, mat warp, string,
rope, etc., and sacking, packing, mattress and decoration-cloth,
saddle-girths, and mats. Jute is also used in certain factories together with
wool or cotton for curtain and furniture cloths as well as mats.
The value of manufacture at our flax and hemp spinning-mills was, in
1900, 1*6 1 million kronor, and at the weaving-mills, l-98 million; at the jute
spinning-mills 3m6 million kronor, and at the weaving-mills 3’36 million.
The imports of linen and hemp goods are, with respect to the quantities,
evident from Table 124. Flax for 0’39 million kronor was imported in 1900.
hemp for 1m3 million, hards for 0-2 4 million, jute for 1’32 million, yarn and
thread for 0’fi6 million, and cloths of flax, hemp, and jute for 2m 6 million; total
6"2 0 million kronor. (A krona = 1m o shilling or 0’2 68 dollar).
Certain other fibrous materials have been used for cloth, although more by way
of experiment. Special mention may be made of Prof. ff. v. Post in 1860 having
attempted to produce yarn and cloth from the down of plants, i. e. seedcatkins
of willows and osiers (Salix), also of aspens and poplars (Populus), especially the
down of Salix pentandra.
Another raw material made into home-manufactured cloth by the peasantry
in certain places, is the nettle (Urtica dioica), which is treated like the flax, and
produces a particularly good, strong, and long fiber. The cloths produced by this
means compete in quality with linen goods.
Of låte years, attempts have been made in Sweden to employ peat-fiber for
the manufacture of cloth (i. e. the stalk and root fibers of certain species of
Eriophorum), either alone or spun up together with wool. The fiber is generally
got as a by-product in the process of making peat-coal. Such cloth has been
manufactured at the Sahlström Manufactory in Jönköping, and the yarn spun
with about 40 % of fiber and 60 % of sheep’s wool. The cloths which have cotton
in their warp and fiber-yarn in their woof are fulled. This manufacture has
not, however, led to any practical result, probably from want of perfectly
satisfactory fiber, and the special machinery necessary for cleansing and spinning.
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