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847

(1904) Author: Gustav Sundbärg
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Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 8. Manufactures of Stone, Clay, Charcoal, and Peat - Glass Manufacture

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manufactured goods of stone, clay, charcoal, and peat.

847

The great development and scope of the glass industry in Sweden
in recent years has caused the works in general to take up special
lines. Reijmyra and Kosta chiefly make ornamental glass and superior
kinds of crystal glass articles for domestic use; Limmared, chemists’
glass wares; Sandö and Glafva, window-glass; Eda, Surte, and Liljedahl,
bottle-glass; Pukeberg and Färeköp, lamp-glasses, oil-reservoirs, etc.

At the larger glass-works,
the old long furnaces, heated
with wood, have given place to
regenerative gas-furnaces with
open crucibles. As fuel may be
used either wood, sawdust, or peat.
At some places another system
of furnaces has also been
introduced, in which there are
8—12 covered in and very large
smelting vats, each large enough
to contain 500—1,200 kilograms
of molten glass; these furnaces
are heated by a coal-fire.
Improved methods of pressing and
grinding glass, and of etching
upon it, have been introduced;
Swedish glass can lay claim to
having reached a very high
standard in almost all branches of
the industry. In the artistic
grinding of and etching on glass,

the productions of several Swedish glass-works, especially Reijmyra and
Kosta, will bear comparison with those of almost any similar factory in
the world. The manufacture of large sheets of plate-glass for windows
and mirrors, is not yet carried on in Sweden, and hence there is a large
import of that kind of glass for modern shops.

In the glass industry, the Krönoberg, Vermland, and Elfsborg Läns
come first; they manufactured more than half the total turnout, which
in 1900 was estimated at the value of 8,725,000 kronor (à 1m o shilling).
Of that total, 3,388,000 kronor were allotted to glass dishes, jars,
bottles, and flasks (unground), 1,976,000 kronor to plate-glass for
windows and mirrors, and 3,361,000 to other kinds of glass-ware. Between
1870 and 1880 the production for the whole country had a value of
2,654,000 kronor annually, in the next decade of 3,008,000 kronor, and
in 1891/1900 of 5,841,000 kronor. The number of glass-factories in 1900
was 56, employing 5,702 workmen.

Both the imports and exports of glass are considerable, the latter,
however, is in excess of the former. In 1900, the imports were valued

Specimens of Glass-ware from Reijmyra.

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