Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - Second part - X. Manufacturing Industries. By Å. G. Ekstrand, Ph. D., Chief Engineer, Control Office of the Department of Finance - 11. Other Industries - The Electric Industry, by A. Enström, Ph. D., C. E., Stockholm
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X. MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES OF SWEDEN.
Motor Works, are worked by petroleum, and are distinguished by a minimum
eonsnmption of fuel, thus being inexpensive to run.
A great number of public buildings, hospitals, etc., are furnished with their
own electricity works, generally steam-engines combined with heating apparatuses.
For a number of smaller establishments, petroleum and gas engines are used. The
completion of two works, at present in building, viz. at Grängesberg and at
Skabersjö (Skåne), is looked forward to with very great interest, inasmuch as
it is intended at these places to put in use motors run by peat-gas directly
produced out of peat.
Electric light is introduced into the railway-cars by some private railway
companies; system: dynamos at the axles, and accumulators, or a dynamo in a
special lighting car. On steamers, electric light is met with to a great extent,
both in the navy and the mercantile fleet; system: continuous current mostly of
a low tension (adapted for projectors); motors: swift-running piston-rod engines — a
type very much in use is »Mechanicus», manufactured by the Electric Company Luth
& Rosén, Ltd., in Stockholm — de Laval steam turbines or Hult rotatory engines.
The eleetro-teohnioal industry in Sweden has made great progress
during the last decade. At first electric machines as well as other electric
articles were imported; the principal furnishers were the large world-renowned firms
in Germany. Gradually, however, the home machine industry has developed to
such a degree that at present it is able sucessfully to compete with foreign
conn-tries. The largest Swedish factory is the above mentioned Allmänna Scenska
Elektriska Aktiebolaget1 at Vesterås, deriving its origin from the early part
of the eighties. To begin with its productions were based om important
indentions by the prominent constructor Jonas Wenström, above all the so-called
three-phased system. Through the patent the company gained a great advantage
on other competitors in Sweden. Afterwards many important original
constructions have been invented by this company, such as tandem motors,
auto-synchronous motors (constructor: Ernst Danielson), electric elevators, etc. The
company, which has branches in Stockholm, Gothenburg, Malmö, Gefle, Sundsvall,
Kristiania, Copenhagen, Helsingfors, and London, manufactures besides electric
machines also magnetic ore-separators, cranes, hoists, tramway cars, electric
locomotives, arclamps, etc. A number of machines have been exported, among other
countries to Russia (Ural), England, Canada, etc. It may for instance be
mentioned that large alternating current machines have been delivered to the Marconi
Wireless Company. From the company have been sent out 6,300 machines,
representing a total of 175,000 horse-power. Among these machines the new
generators for the municipal Electricity Works of Stockholm and the Brattfors generator,
built for a tension of 20,000 voit direct on the armature.
Luth & Roséns Elektriska Aktiebolag1 in Stockholm commenced its
manufacture of electric machines in 1897. The firm derives its origin from the early part
of the eighties. It manufactures electric machines, among others for bleaching
establishments, electric locomotives and railways, steam-engines (type:
»Mechanicus»), for lighting carriages for military purposes, etc., and has not inconsiderable
exports to Finland. Of låte, two energetic companies, the joint-stock company
Magnet, Ludvika (1900), and Arbrå Mekaniska Verkstad (works; 1903), have sprang
up. Some smaller factories (chiefly for the manufacture of small motors), have bee»
in existence, but most of them have ceased their activity. Other electric material
than machines is still for the greater part being imported. Ärclamps are partly
manufactured within the country, such as Jandus and Sirius lamps (Allmftnn*
Svenska Elektriska Aktiebolaget at Vesterås); incandescent lamps are manufactured
at »Glödlampfabriken i Nyköping». A couple of older such factories in Stockholm
1 Aktiebolag = joint-stock Company.
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