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308
vi. mining and metallurgical industry.
At the present time Sweden produces, except iron, no other metals hut
copper, gold, silver, lead, and zinc.
Copper. The amount of copper ore at present mined in Sweden is very small,
as is manifest from Table 65, and the ore, which is obtained almost exclusively
from the Falun Mine, is not worked into metallic copper, but into copper vitriol.
On the other hand, metallic copper has since 1886 been manufactured from
imported copper ore (cupriferous pyrites with about 3 % of copper), mainly
from Norway.
The Falun Copper Mine-
In former times the copper industry in Sweden was carried on in a large
number of small works, mostly situated in the immediate vicinity of the mines:
these small works were in the course of time amalgamated into a few large ones,
but this was not till the eighties of the last century. They were shut down
one after the other, particularly in the seventies, copper having then greatly
fallen in price. Thus, in the middle of the eighties only three copper works were
being run, namely those at Falun, Åtvidaberg, and Kaveltorp: the two latter have
now likewise been shut down. On the other hand, works have been established
since the eighties at Hälsingborg, Näverberg, Nautaunen, and Garpenberg: at
present only the first-named of these is being run.
The Falun Copper Works. The Falun Mine is certainly the oldest copper mine
in Sweden. It began to be worked in the 13th century at latest, and since
that time it has been run almost continuously right down to the present day.
It is true that the output of copper ore is now very slight : on the other hand,
iron pyrites is mined there pretty extensively. This mine, which during the
whole of the seventeenth century was by far the most important copper mine
in the world, is computed to have yielded in the course of its long existence
from 35 to 40 millions tons of ore, out of which have been extracted about
500 000 tons of copper, representing a value of about a milliard of kronor. The
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