Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - VII. Manufacturing Industries. Introd. by [G. Sundbärg] K. Åmark - 2. Textile and Clothing Industry. By G. Sellergren - 3. Hides, Skins, and Hair. By J. Landin
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380
vii. manufacturing industries.
tests of different kinds are made as to the strength of the material. For example,
yarn is tested as to strength, elasticity, evenness, purity, and uniformity, the
quality of the thread and the fibre; cloth is tested as to strength, elasticity,
(^lrability, perviousness to gases and fluids, permanence of dyes, shrinkage. Even
separate fibres are examined with regard to strength and spinning qualities. For
these various purposes there are modern apparatuses, dynometers for stresses
ranging from 1 gram to 500 kg, etc., some of which have been constructed
specially for the Institute.
3. HIDES, SKINS, AND HAIR.
The official statistics make the following distinctions between the
several different manufactures under this general heading; the figures
are those for 1912 (handicrafts excluded):
Factories Workmen Value of
production, kr.
Tanneries............ 198 1850 30 355 000
Far goods factories........ 22 498 4 511000
Shammy leather factories..... 2 10 59 000
’total 222 2358 34925000
Shoe factories.......... 86 6 765 36 043 000
Glove » .......... 16 351 865 000
Other > .......... 48_784_4 517 000
Total 150_7 900_41 425 000
Grand total 372 10 258 76 350000
The advance which has been made in this industry will be seen from a
comparison with the returns for 1898, which were, respectively, 685
factories, 7 461 workmen, and a production of the value of 24 271 000
kronor. The number of factories has thus decreased by 46 %, that of
workmen increased by 37 and the value of the production shows an
increase by 214 %.
The more important increases in the production of the wares referred
to in the groups will be seen from the following tables.
Tanneries.
The splendid development of tanning since the middle of the decade
1891—1900 is to some extent fictitious owing to subsequent statistics being
fuller, but it is, nevertheless, to a great extent real, partly owing to
improved technics in general, as is proved by the increased amount of
production in proportion to the number of workmen, partly from the general
employment of tanning extract, and also from the more favourable duties
which came into operation in the beginning of the decade 1891—1900.
Shammy-leather tanning has always been inconsiderable, showing an
average yearly production of only 3 475 kronor between 1861 and 1865;
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