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nearly so low as is commonly supposed; and that
this moderate depression of temperature, combined
with a greater snowfall in winter, produced all the
observed results. The lower temperature would
favour increased precipitation, and the increased
humidity of the air would resist the passage of the
solar rays and greatly diminish the summer
thawing.
Such a depression of temperature and increased
precipitation must have occurred when the earth
was in perihelion, at about the time of northern
midsummer (it is now there at our midwinter),
and when our winter was consequently longer.
The coincidence of this with a few other
variations in the elevation of the land are, I think,
sufficient to supply the two requisite factors of
lower temperature and greater precipitation in
sufficient degree to produce the past glacial epochs,
and to reproduce others in the distant future.
I have already said that we only touched at
a few Lofoden stations this summer, and thus lost
much of that which I described in 1856, as so
characteristic of these islands.
There is still a means of seeing the Lofodens as
of old, or even more thoroughly. A special
service of small packets plies between these islands,
calling at a multitude of stations, and proceeding
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