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THROUGH NORTH ARMENIA TO ERIVAN 187
instruct the peasants in scientific methods of feeding their
cattle, which would lead to a large increase in the yield of
milk and open the peasants’ eyes to the fact that such methods
paid. But even as things were wc saw quite a large amount
of ploughed and cultivated land, with fields of barley which
were doing well. The rainfall here (at Semenovka) is compara
tively great, 639 millimetres for the year.
And now wc were down by the lake. It stretches right
away to the horizon in the south-west, a distance of about
75 kilometres, and is 33 kilometres at its greatest width in
the extreme south. Its height above sea-level is 1,925 metres,
and its maximum depth 88 metres. In shape it is roughly
triangular, with the longest side on the north-east, running
from north-west to south-east. From this north-eastem coast
the Shakh Dagh Mountains rise comparatively sheer to alti
tudes of between 3,000 and 3,300 metres (Akhkaya Dagh)
above sea-level. Continuing the Pambak Mountains in the
north-east, by which wc had come, this ridge of mountains
forms the watershed between the Kura and the Arax. It is
prolonged still farther eastward from the south-east corner
of the lake in the great continuous range of Khrebet Murov
Dagh, which, at a height of 3,000 metres, juts out towards
the wide plain of the Kura near the Caspian Sea. It has
peaks as high as 3,420 (Murov Dagh) and 3,740 (Gyamysh
Dagh) metres above sea-level. South and west of the lake
the mountains stretch upward rather less steeply to a similar
height, with continuous ridges over 3,000 metres high, and
peaks of 3,530 metres in the south and 3,600 metres (Akh
Dagh) in the west. The lake is thus in a basin encircled by
ranges of mountains, whose watersheds are for the most part
more than 1,100 metres above the level of the lake and at
varying distances : about 6 or 7 kilometres on the north-east,
and about 20 kilometres on the west. By the north-west
corner, where wc came down, the mountains are lower ;
and it is here that the lake has an outlet into a comparatively
flat depression.
Twenty-eight small rivers run into the lake, besides many
lesser streams ; and most of the rivers come from the south
and south-west, but, as will be understood from the short
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