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378
HENNING HORN AF RANTZIEN
st a t cd from the S point of Norway in the west along the whole
Scandi-navian coast to the S houndary of Östergötland in the east, all the
distance with the same degree of frequency. Another serious mistake
of the same type is that Phl. arenarium is said to occur along the
whole S coast of the Baltic to Danzig in the east. The contrast between
a littoral distribution in Northern and Central Europé and a
littoral-montane one in the Mediterranean Region is too strongly emphasized,
as none of the inland localities mentioned above in the districts of the
Rhine, Rhone and Seine is set out, while ön the other band the species
is stated as uniformly distributed and common over the Pyrenean and
Apennine peninsulas, the coast land of Dalmatia, the greater part of
the Balkan peninsula. Morocco, Algiers and Tunisia. Further it is
indicated that Phl. arenarium is to be found in Sardinia and many
möre islands from which no statements at all of that species are known.
In Sicily, where it is very rare in realitv, it seems to be distributed all
over the island, etc. In order to compare with the information given
by Massart, see the maps and especially the following works:
Ascher-son and Graebner (1898—1902), Barbey (1885), Coutinho (1913),
Emberger and Maire (1941), Halaczy (1904), Hayek (1932), Hegi
(1906), Ibiza (1906), Parlatore (1848) and Willkomm and Lange
(1861).
The maps published in the present paper show that the species
bas a relatively restricted distribution, which in essential parts only
comprises the Atlantic and Mediterranean parts of Europe. According
to the terminology of Troll (1924), Phl. arenarium may be considered
as an euoceanic Atlantic Mediterranean-montane species. With reference
to the presentation which Walter (1924) gives of the phvtogeography
of Europe the species ought to be referred to the Mediterranean-Atlantic
group. Ön account of the works of Massart, Meusel (1943) places
Phl. arenarium among those plants with submeridional meridional
distribution which have a submeridional-meridional-oceanic tendency
of distribution. According to Meusel, in this group the species is to
be referred to the European-submeridional-oceanic plants with a
(sub)-Med i terra nea n-Atlantic [ (sub) Atlantic] distribution.
Degelius has published a detailed phytogeographic division of the
oceanic species in the liehen flora of Europe (I)egelius 1935. p. 204)
which in a high degree gives expression lo the special features of the
different distribution types. Tliough especially arranged with reference
to lichens. Degelius’ division is also applicable to bryophvtes and
vascular plants, which is evidentlv shown by a great number of
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