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Botaniska Notiser 1947, IIÄfte 4. Lund
The female Gametophyte in Nolana and Endosperm
Development in Tubiflorae.
By William Rosén.
My studies of the endosperm development in Wettstein’»
Sijnan-drae group led me to the conclusion that the endosperm type in
Cam-panulaceae (10) may originate from a type common in
Scrophularia-ceae. 1 am, now, fully convinced of that since I have been informed
about Kausik’s and Subramanyam’s (6) examinations of the
embryo-logical features in Sphenoclea. Reduced forms of the same endosperm
type occur in families grouped about the Scropluilariaceae, the
endosperm of which has haustoria. In other families of Wettstein’s
Tubiflorae (20) the endosperm lias no haustoria. Therefore it has been a
difficult problem or a clear impossibility to decide whether the
endosperm type occurring in Ihe Scrophulariaceae originates from those in
Solanaceae. The nearly related family Nolanaceae is also held lo be
more primitive than the Scrophulariaceae, but we know nothing about
its embryological features. Besides a short statement of ah initio cellular
endosperm by Samuelsson (13, p. 137) examinations are only made
upon the male gametophvle. In the Botanical Garden of Göteborg three
species, Nolana acuminata Miers, .Y. humifusa Johns!, and N. paradoxa
Lindl., were cultivated and as I was interested in their endosperm
development I fixed material of these species in Karpechenko’s
chro-mic-acetic-formalin solution. Sections were cut 12—20 u. and stained
in haematoxylin and light green. The three species appeared to behave
similarly in their embryological development.
The genus Nolana is distinguished by Ihe remarkable structure of
the fruit. The gynoecium has been studied by Lindley (7), who
described Ihe pistil of Nolana paradoxa as consisting of 20 separate ovaries
or nucules of which about 15 usually abort. One hundred years later
Saunders (14) had another interpretation. I myself have nol studied
the gynoecium and it may be sufficient, that I quote Saunders (p. 425):
»The whole system in Nolana prostrata is interpreted as that of a fertil
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