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3IO The Century of the Child
appreciation of the nature of their country, of
its Hfe in the past and in the present, depends
their own development. Let them be taught
to dream beautiful inspiring dreams of the
future of their country, of their own work, as
the necessary foundation of this future.
They should be taught at an early age to
understand the deep gulf between patriotic
feeling and the egoism which is called pa-
triotism. This is the patriotism in whose
name small countries are oppressed by great
countries, in whose name nineteenth-century
Europe has armed itself under the stimulus of
revenge, in whose name the close of the cen-
tury witnessed the extension of violence in
north and south, in west and east.
Militarism and clericalism, both principles
presenting authority as opposed to individual
standards of right, are ever closely combined;
but they are not what they are called. They
are not patriotism and religion. These two
words involve a sense of common citizenship,
of freedom, of justice, exalted above the nar-
row sphere of the individual, of the interests of
class, of the interests of one’s own country.
Such are the principles which unite different
groups within a land in great interests com-
mon to all, just as they unite different peoples
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