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bread made from bark and chopped straw, and where
the few sheep they slaughter are rarely eaten by
themselves, or at most only supply a small quantity of
salted meat. In these remote districts, even in the
first part of the nineteenth century, many large parishes
had no communication with the outer world except by
riding-tracks.
Generally speaking, it is in the west and south that we
find large peasant farms such as are found in all
Scandinavian countries. The dwelling-houses, usually painted
red with white window-casings, give an impression of
prosperity. The house has a considerable number of
rooms, with fine tiled stoves and good furniture, the walls
being covered with books and paintings of popular
leaders, of the recent great deputation to St. Petersburg,
or sometimes of members of the Imperial family
who have been regarded as friends of the Finnish
people. The peasant proprietor of such a house
would have four or five horses, twenty or thirty
cows, good farming implements, possibly of English
or American manufacture, and sometimes even a small
steam-engine. The houses are built round a quadrangle
in the same style as in Denmark, or like the
old houses of the Franks. In the west, in Ostrobothnia,
where the farmers are generally well-to-do,
the houses usually have two storeys. Farther in the
interior, in Tavastland for instance, the farmhouses are
often grouped together into villages, especially those
on the shores of rivers and lakes; the farm-lands,
however, lying scattered some distance away. The houses
are not built round a quadrangle, but spread over a
larger space, and often stand in long rows. Here, as
in other parts of the country, there is frequently a
separate house attached to each farm for the use of
the pastor or other visitors.
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