Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - V. Forestry
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Private owners, it must be confessed, are in the
habit of destroying their woods. In Finland private
landlords own about 24 million acres of dry forest soil,
and 4¼ million acres of wooded marsh land. These
figures represent respectively 44 per cent. and 8 per
cent. of the whole area of land held as private
property; the rest being 5 per cent. of plough land, 10½
per cent. of pasturage, and 32 per cent. of barren
marshes and rocks. In all countries the great
virginal forests are cut down as soon as they become
valuable; in the United States, for instance, enormous
natural forests have very quickly disappeared. In the
northern portion of the east, especially in the State
of Maine, most of which is forest land, there is now
hardly any wood except the second growth. Also in
the other large forest-tracts of Weymouth pine, at the
western end of the Great Lakes, the virginal forest is
nearly all cut down. The same will soon be the case
with the Douglas spruce in the northern part of the
Pacific coast, as well as the pitch-pine and other
valuable woods in the forest area of the Southern States,
this latter being the largest area of untouched forest
in existence in the United States. Only in Canada
will a large area of woods remain for some time longer
untouched. In the forests of the Scandinavian
Peninsula, too, especially in Norway, the trees have now
been thinned out in the most serious manner; and
even on the coast of Northern Sweden the large
trunks have been taken away. In Finland it is not
only the very big trunks which are used directly
transport becomes possible; the small ones too are
utilised. In 1887 less than thirty trunks were
required to produce manufactured wood which should
fill a standard of St. Petersburg measure; but in 1897
it took forty-two trunks. In the interior all stems of
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