Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - XI. The Government of Finland and its Future
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students contribute during the vacations to further the
great work of rural instruction and education. At the
University of Helsingfors an organisation has also
been established resembling the English University
Extension system, a movement which is now spreading
to many other countries. A great number of other
associations play an important part in the public
education and the general development of the people;
as, for instance, the numerous so-called young people’s
associations, and many of the already mentioned
associations of workmen. Also the temperance
associations and their great work must be
mentioned. In Finland, as in all Northern countries,
there is still a good deal of drunkenness, but the
preference of a large portion of the nation for
temperance, and even for total abstinence, which is the
reason why it is by no means common to find alcohol
in the farmhouses, is largely a consequence of the
organised work of such societies. The efforts on
behalf of public education by means of associations and
societies is not favoured or liked by the present
Russian Governor-General, especially at the present
moment; but the right of forming associations and
societies, notwithstanding the formal permission
required and usually asked for, has been regarded as
a part of the law. That this liberty of association
should have been now made dependent on the arbitrary
will of the Governor-General, by decree of the
Emperor, is one of the causes of the present popular
discontent; it is regarded as neither legal nor just nor
wise.
The contest between the two languages, Finnish and
Swedish, has ended in equal rights for both; but as
late as 1850 the government was opposed to the
printing in Finnish of other books than those dealing
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