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upon a very large number of Gustavus Adolphus’s
Scottish officers.1 A great many of them settled in Sweden,
held the highest rank in the army as well as in the
Council of State, and became the progenitors of a long race
of military sons. Thus for instance the Douglases of
Whittinghame were made Counts of Skenninge and
Barons of Skälby. Wadstena Church contains their
mortuary chapel, “ the walls of which are adorned with
banners taken by members of the family in the wars of
Gustavus Adolphus and the Charles’s, as also with their
richly emblazoned 4 hufvud-banners ’ (hatchments), which
used to be carried at the funeral procession veiled in
black crape.” How rapidly the Scots had risen in
distinction could be seen very plainly at the funeral of King
Charles X. (Gustaf) in 1660. On that occasion Baron
Forbes led Princess Maria Euphrosyna; Colonel Hamilton
was one of the bearers; in the procession walked the
Barons Lichtone, John Clerck, and Jacob Spens. John A.
Stuart bore the banner of Ravenstein, Forbes that of
Holland, Duwall that of Götland. Among the forty
u cavaliers ” of the second class are mentioned W. Philipp,
Richard Clerck, Spens, and Ludovic Hamilton (Marryat,
One Tear in Sweden). This honour of being ennobled
was eagerly coveted by the Scots; Anderssons and
Bel-frages and Bourdons and Lumsdanes all procuring by
some means or other birth-briefs from home that proved
their ‘‘gammal” (old), or “urgammal” (very old) Scottish
nobility. No doubt the Swedish authorities were
immensely impressed by the title u Chief of the Clan,” or
“ Laird,” and thus many of them took their seats in the
Swedish Riddarhus that were not of true baronial lineage.
Some very ridiculous cases and examples of the
eagerness with which the Scots tried to rank as Swedish nobles
1 For a detailed list, see Supplement.
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