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TO THE NOR’THERN PARTS OF RUSSIA AND SIBERIA. 39
Of the form of their private houfes, and of the apparel of the people.
The common houfes of the country are every where built of beams of fir-tree ; the
lower beams do fo receive the round hollownefs of the uppermott, that by the means of
the building thereupon, they refift and expel all winds that blow; and where the timber
is joined together, there they ftop the chinks with mofs. The form and fafhion of their
houfes in all places is four fquare, with {trait and narrow windows, whereby with a
tran{parent cafement, made or covered with fkin like to parchment, they receive the
light. The roofs of their houfes are made. of boards covered without with the bark of
trees; within their houfes they have benches or griezes hard by their walls, which com-
monly they fleep on, for the common people know not the ufe of beds; they have
ftoves wherein in the morning they make a fire, and the fame fire doth either mdde-
rately warm, or make very hot the whole houfe.
The apparel of the people for the moft part is made of wool; their caps are picked
like unto atike or diamond, broad beneath and fharp upward. In the manner of mak-«
ing whereof there is a fign and reprefentation of nobility ; for the loftier or higher their
caps are, the greater is their birth fuppofed to be, and the greater reverence is given-
them by the common people.
The conclufion, to Queen Mary.
Thefe are the things, Moft Excellent Queen, which your fubjects newly returned from
Ruffia have brought home concerning the {tate of that country ; wherefore if Your
Majefty fhall be favourable, and grant a continuance of the travel, there is no doubt
but that the honour and renown of your name will be {pread among{ft thofe nations,
whereunto three only noble perfonages from the very creation have had accefs, to whom
no man hath been comparable. :
THE copy of the Duke of Mofcovy and Emperor of Ruffia his letters fent to king Edward the
Sixth, by the hands of Richard Chancelour.
THE almighty power of God,and the incomprehenfible Holy Trinity, rightful Chriftian
belief, &c. We, Great Duke Juan Vafilivich, by the grace of God, great lord and
Emperor of all Ruffia, great Duke of Volodemer, Mofco, and Novograd, King of Kazan,
King of Aftracan,Lord of Plefko, and Great Duke of Smolenfko, of Twerria, Joughoria,
Permia, Vadfka, Bulghoria, and others, Lord and Great Duke of Novograd in the Low
Country, of Chernigo, Rezan, Polotfkoy, Roftove, Yaruflaveley, Bealozera, Liefland,
Oudoria, Obdoria, and Condenza, Commander of all Siberia, and of the north parts,
and Lord of many other countries, greeting. Before all, right, great, and worthy of
honour, Edward, King of England, &c. according to our moft heartv and good zeal,
with good intent and friendly defire, and according to our holy chri(tian faith, and great
governance, and being in the light of great underftanding, our anfwer by this our ho-
nourable writing unto your kingly governance, at the requeft of your faithful fervant
Richard Chancelour, with his company, as they fhall let you wifely know, is this. In
the ftrength of the twentieth year of our governance, be it known, that at our fea coafts
arrived a fhip with one Richard and his company, and faid that he was defirous to come
3 into
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