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TO THE NORTHERN PARTS OF RUSSIA AND SIBERIA. 41
times there coins of gold, but they come out of foreign countries, whereof there is no
ordinary valuation, but they pafs according to the agreement of merchants.
Their order in fumming of money is this: as we fay in England halfpenny, penny,
fhilling, and pound, fo fay they poledenga, denga, altine, and rubble: there goeth two
poledengas to a denga, fix dengas to an altine, and twenty-three altines, and two
dengas to a rubble.
Concerning the weights of Ruflia they are thefe: there are two forts of pounds in
ufe among{t them; the one great, the other fmall: the great pound is juft two fmall
pounds: they call the great weight by the name of beafemar, and the {mall they call
the fkalla weight : with this fmall weight they weigh their filver coins, of the which the
Emperor hath commanded to put to every fmall pound three rubbles of filver; and with
the fame weight they weigh all grocery wares, and almoft all other wares which come into
the land, except thofe which they weigh by the pode, as hops, falt, iron, lead, tin, and
batrie with divers others, notwithftanding they ufe to weigh batrie more often by the
{mall weight than by the great.
Whenfoever you find the prices of -your wares rated by the pode, confider that to be
the great weight, and the pound to be the fmall. Alfo they divide the {mall pound
into forty-eight parts, and they call the eight-and-fortieth part a flotnike, by the which
flotnike, the retailers fell their wares out of their fhops, as goldfmiths, grocers, filk-
fellers, and fuch other like as we do ufe to retail by the ounce: and as for their great
weight which they call the beafemar, they fell by pode, or fhippond. ‘The pode doth
contain of the great weight, forty pounds, and of the fimall eighty : there go ten podes
to a fhippond.
Yet you muft confider that their great weight is not full with ours: for I take not
their great pound to be full thirteen ounces, but above twelve I think it be. But for
your juft proof, weigh fix rubbles of Ruflia money with our pound weight, and then.
you fhall fee what it lacketh: for fix rubbles of Ruffia is by the Emperor’s flandard,
the great pound: fo that I think it be the next way to know the juft weight, as well of
the great pound as of the fmall.
There is another weight needful to be known,. which is the weight of Wardhoufe,
for fo much as they weigh all their dry fifh by weight, which weight is the beafemar, as
they of Ruffia do ufe, notwith{tanding there is another fort in it: the names of thofe
weights are thefe: the mark pound, the great pound, the weie, and the fhippond.
The mark pound is to be underftood as our pound, and their great pound is twenty-.
four of their mark pound : the weie is three great pound, and eight weie is a fhippond.
Now concerning their meafures, as they have two forts of weights, fo they have alfo.
two forts of meafures, wherewith they meafure cloth both linen and woollen: they
call the one an arefhine, and the other a locut: the arefhine I take to be as much as.
the Flanders ell, and their locut half an Englifh yard: with their arefhine they may
mete all fuch forts of cloths as come into the land, and with the locut all fuch cloth:
both linen and woollen, as they make themfelves. And whereas we ufe to give yard
and inch, or yard and handful, they do give nothing but bare meature.
They have alfo a meafure wherewith they do mete their corn which. they. call a:
fetforth, and the half of that an ofmine: this fetforth I take to be three bufhels of
London meafure. Andas for their drink meafure, they call it a fpan, whichis much:
like a bucket, and of that I never faw any true rate, but that fome was greater than.
other fome. And as for the meafures of Wardhoule wherewith. they mete their cloth,
VOLs Io. ; G there:
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