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©UTHIER’S JOURNAL OF A VOYAGE TO THE NORTH, 315
civilities, and the principal inhabitants of the town: we were thirty-five at table, and
treated them handfomely. ‘The court and {treet were full of Fins, and children, who
came to fee the novelty of the entertainment.
It was at the time of the fair of Jukas Jerfwi; it begins the fourteenth of January,
and ends the day of the Converfion of St. Paul. It is held thirty miles from Torneo,
about fixty French leagues; the citizens of Torneo go there in crowds; they alone
have theright of buying there. ‘They are obliged to obtain a permit from the governor
of the province to go to this fair; this cofts them three dollars, worth about thirty-four
or thirty-five fous of French money: were they to go this fair without this licence, they
would be fined one hundred and fifty dollars Coppermyth, that is to fay, eighty livres
French money, (the filver dollar being worth about thirty-four fous, the coppermyth
dollar only eleven fous.) ‘To go any where elfe requires a fimilar permit; however,
when they are going no farther than Ofwer ‘Torneo, or Pello, the allowance of the
lieutenant colonel who commands in the town is fufficient, and is given gratis. They
fet off for the fair of Jukas Jerfwi, in their fledges drawn by horfes as far as Ofwer
Torneo ; there they take fledges drawn by rein-deer, and fend their horfes back.
They have at the place where the fair is held, a great number of fhops which belong to
them, wherein they dwell. Thefe fhops which are abandoned during the reft of the
year, compofe the village of Jukas Jerfwi, with the church and the houfe of the re¢tor.
It is there that the citizens of Torneo trade with the Laplanders ; they carry there fome
bottles of low brandy, fyrup. which they bring from Stockholm, and dried bread in
cakes. ‘The Laplanders in exchange give them cod, and other dried fith, fkins, and
dried meat of the rein-deer, bear and foxes fkin, of different colours, ermines and
martins. I wifhed to fee this fair; the bafe being meafured, I had leifure, but I could
not find any fuitable company to go with, the burgo-maiter not going. I did not much
regret it however, the whole country being covered with fnow, fo that I could not have
diftinguifhed either lakes or rivers, {carcely even the foretts.
Friday the eighteenth, the weather was delightful, not at all cold; M. Camus and
myfelf had began to turn with exactitude, fome balls of iron for experiments on the
fimple pendulum. M. Camus alfo himfelf caft fome balls of pewter, filver, and copper,
he turned thefe as well for the fame purpofe.
Wethad alternately fnow, and fine weather almoft always cold. The thermometers
on Saturday the nimeteenth, were at 19° and 21° below o. Monday morning the
twenty-firft at 12° and 13°; the evening 16° and 18°. Wednefday the twenty-third,
20° and 22°, All dayon Thurfday the twenty-fourth, and all the following night, at
the freezing point ; witha {trong S. W. wind, and the fnow melted a little.
All day Saturday, all night, and Monday morning the twenty-fixth, very fine and
mild, the thermometers at 1° below o. ‘This weather continued the remainder of the
month, but it frequently inowed.
On the laft day of January the cold began to increafe, in fuch manner however, that
it frequently all on a fudden became mild. ‘The variations of cold in this country are
extremely fudden ; at times we were almoft frozen,’ and immediately afterwards found
the coldvery eafytobear. ‘The thermometers confirm the reality of thefe variations ;
and that they are not to be attributed fimply to the individual temperament of men,
and lefs to the imagination.
At Stockholm, the idea they entertained of this country was not very correé ; it is
not to be wondered at that we fhould be ignorant of it in France. When we came
away, M. Le Comte de Maurepas, prefented us with church plate, with direCtions to
make ufe of it, provided our ambaflador fhould not difapprove of our doing fo. His
SS 2 Excellency
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