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RIESBECK’S TRAVELS THROUGH GERMANY. I1t
perfuafion, where they are not allowed to build a church, and where the hatred towards
them and their religion effectually and perpetually excludes them from civil employ-
ments. All thefe hindrances are removed under the gentle government of the Dutch
and Englifh, who of courfe run away with all the ufeful emigrants, and leave Auttria
only the worthlefs ones. ‘The perfons who fettle in Hungary, are for the moft part
abandoned fcoundrels from Bavaria, Suabia, Franconia, and the countries about the
Rhine. On their arrival they commonly {quander the fmall fums of money they have
raifed at home, by the fale of their eftates, and as government takes little care about
them, they generally die of grief, or diforders arifing more from their diffipation than
theclimate. That part of them which happens to beg its way back again, reprefents the
climate worfe than it is, as an excufe for having left it. This alfo deters many people
from coming. Thofe who have money enough prefer America to Hungary, which by
this means becomes the refuge of fuch only who have a few ducats to pay their paflage
on the Danube.
Thefe, however, fuch as they are, would ftill be a confiderable gain to fo poor a coun-
try as Hungary is, if government was fufficiently interefted in their fate to provide for
the diftreffes they muft be expofed to from the danger of the climate and their own in-
experience, and to give them fome affiftance in their firft fettlement. There fhould be
an office eftablifhed at Vienna, or Prefburg, where thefe wanderers fhould be taught the
firft rudiments of the art they have occafion for. They fhould be told in what places
they are likely to meet with moft of their own countrymen, as nothing promotes coloni-
zation fo much as when the new comers find perfons of the fame manners and language
with themfelves, or with whom they are-connected by the ties of friendfhip or relation-
fhip. ‘The Germans, as it is well known, are fo divided amongft themfelves, that thofe
of one circle look upon thofe of another as abfolute ftrangers to them. All the Bava-
rians fhouid therefore be fettled in one diftri€&t, and the inhabitants of Franconia, Suabia,
&c. in fo many others. Above all things, ‘they fhould be taught to guard againft the
dangers of the climate. Hungary is imitfelf not more unwholefome than Italy, Spain,
the South of France, or any other warm country ; only as there are moraffes all over it,
the difference betwixt the heat of the day and the cold of the night muft of courfe be
very fenfible to a German; but he has nothing to do but to imitate the natives, who
follow what inftiné teaches them, and wear a warmer cloathing. ‘The rich Hungary
. wines, likewife, deftroy many a ftranger, and they fuffer {till more from the very pala-
table, but dangerous melons, which are in fuch plenty that you may have them almoft
for nothing.. Where the body is conftantly weakened by the influences of a very warm
fun, thefe fruits mult be very prejudicial, and the rather, as it is the cuftom here to
eat them without bread. Againft all thefe dangers and difficulties the emigrant fhould
be fecured. .
The {mall fum of money which is given for the journey is not fufficient to obviate
thefe inconveniences ; on the contrary, the emigrants fhould have as little ready money
as poflible, as they cannot know how to make a proper ufe of it in a new country, they
mutt confequently either be robbed of it or wafte it. What they ought to be {upplied
with is wood for building, cattle, and corn; and it fhould be the peculiar duty of the
civil and religious minifters of the ftate, to affift them in their civil and religious necef-
fities. Itmuft beconfeffed, however, that the priefts and governors of Hungary are not
the people fit for this bufinefs ; for if the court was to be at this expence, they would
take care to be themfelves the greateft gainers by it; but the court has hitherto mani-
felted too fmall’a defire for the cultivation of Hungary, to beftow much expence upon
it ; its principle has been to reap all it could without fowing any thing, If it had not
been
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