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476 FORTIA’S TRAVELS IN SWEDEN.
nomy, and one of eloquence and politics; the others eftablifhed in 1751 are, one of
chemiftry, and one of phyfic ; in 1761, one of public right, (now abolifhed,) and one
of anatomy, during the revolution of 1772. The courfes in medicine laft three, four,
or five years before the ftudent caa take a doctor’s degree. The novice muft undergo
two examinations ; this 1s a ftudy lefs followed ihan any. The courfes in jurifprudence,
when followed only to qualify for the bar, continue for two or three years; thofe of
theology, three or four years. ‘The Kingalone grants a doétor’s degree. In philofophy
two themes mult be maintained ; this is the courfe of all others the moft followed ;
the director is changed every fix months, at St. John’s day and at Chriftmas. The
profellors nominate three candidates for the office, one of which was wontto be elected
by His Majeily, at prefent he choofes who he will; the directors have no increafe of
allowance, their only emolument being derived from the compliment paid by each ftu-
dent on his admiflion to the univerfity during his rectorfhip; this prefent is two or three
rix-dollars, and two or three ducats if the ftudent be of a diftinguifhed family. ‘The
{lipend of the profeffors is 1400 filver dollars and a hundred tons of corn, which may
be eftimated at 1600 f.cd: fome of them have apartments, but moft not. No one can
become a civil magiftrate without undergoing a public examination at one of the three
univerfities of Uplal, Obo, or Lund. There is a fourth at Gridfwald in Pomerania,
which is under the jurifdiction of the empire. The perfonal jurifdiction of the univer-
fity extenc’s not only throughout the city, but for fix leagues around, (in matters which
regard the ftudents). The holidays are from the r4th December to the 28th January,
and from the feftival of St. John to that of St. Michael. ‘The profeflors give gratuitous
leffons four times a week; for private leflons the fcholar pays two or three rix-dollars
monthly, according to his capacity, which is paid every other term. ‘There are fome
prizes of private foundation called Stipendia, of which more than a hundred ftudents at
. Upfal reap advantage; thefe are from 45 to 400 plottes each, and are ufually adjudged
by the confiftory ; but an appeal lays to the chancellor in cafe of diflatistaction, who
finally awards. The Stipendia diftributed by the King amount to 3000 plottes. In .
1730 there were two thoufand ftudents, in 1791. but fix or feven hundred.
In the bull by which the univerfity was in{tituted, the archbifhop is defignated chan-
cellor ; but the academical conftitutions of 1625 aflume, that thenceforward it fhall be ©
a fenator of the kingdom, the archbifhop being only vice-chancellor. It is the body of
profeflors, or the academical confiftory, which elects the chancellor, and their nomina-
tion is confirmed by the King : fora number of years the prefumptive heir of the crown
has had the title.
The library of the univerfity is highly celebrated throughout Europe, but in our opi-
nion without defert, notwith{tanding it contains many articles well worthy the infpection
of a traveller. In the firft place we faw a number of things which appear out of place
certainly in a library, fuch as an antique cafe made of different ‘forts of ftone, with a
fmall {pinnett, and little paintings on agate reprefenting the paflion of our Saviour, &c.; —
fome very minute works in wood and ivory, the whole prefented to Guftavus Adolphus
by the city of Nuremberg, for his daughter ; two {mall books of flowers, fifh, and ani-
mals, painted on vellum by Queen Chriftina; a number of toilet trinkets which belonged
to her; the portrait of General Konigfmarck, in the fervice of the republic of Venice,
formed by lines of writing in latin, which give an account of his life, on vellum; a large
agate of ixteen inches by thirteen, on one fide of which the laft judgment is depicted,
and on the other the paflage of the red fea, by Koenig, with other matters of little
moment, 5
In
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