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FORTIA’S TRAVELS IN SWEDEN. 5441
Therefa; Pius VI.the Pope; Ferdinand Lewis, infant of Parma; Maria Amelia, in-
fanta of Parma. ‘Thofe in italics are half lengths, fuch as are in Roman charaéters at
fulllength. ‘The difference of the dreffes has a very pleafing effect.
It isnot exadtly known at what period this chateau was built; all that is certain is
that the Chevalier Harald Torflon, was the firft mentioned poffeflor in 1280. In the
fucceeding century it belonged to the Grand Chancellor, Bo Johnfon Grips, (without
any account how it became his ;) from whom it received the name of Gripfholm; he
was mafter of it in 1383. In’1396, his fon, Knut Bofon Grips, fold it for a trifle to
Queen Margaret. King Eric XIII. of Pomerania, poflefled it in 1434. The Keeper
has a publication in the Swedifh language, which gives more ample information refpect-
ing the Caftle. In the immediate vicinity, is the town of Mariefred, very fmall, not
containing more than four hundred inhabitants, and poffefling nothing worthy of
notice.
Dijzillery.—Near to Gripfholm is the moft confiderable diftillery in the whole king-
dom; three-fourths of it belongs to Mr. Vahrendorf, and the remaining fourth to
Gen. Duwal. It has been granted them by the crown for twenty years ; their privilege:
expires in 1795, when it will belong entirely to the King. The firft expences of the
building amounted to 80,000 rix-dollars, which, when the eftablifhment is minutely
infpected, may readily be believed. It works annually one thoufand two hundred Riga
lafts of grain, or eighteen thoufand tons; one fourth part of which is barley ; each
ton yield twenty-two kannes of fpirit; of thefe the King receives nearly twelve ; fo
that the proprietors retain. for themfelves about ten kannes, which they fell at 16 fkil-
lings 4 runftiiks per kanne; making, upon eighteen thoufand tons, one hundred and
eighty thoufand kannes, upon the whole produce nearly four hundred thoufand. On
the eftablifhment are thirteen managers, who receive from 200 to 300 rix-dollars
annually, and ninety-fix workmen, at from fourteen to fixteen plottes per month. On
account of the too great heat of the feafon at that interval to allow of working, there is
a ceflation of the diftillery from the middle of July to the middle of September. For
the purpofe of raifing water, a machine is ufed of a fingular although very fimple con-
ftruétion ; it is an upright cylinder with cogs, which aéts upon fix pumps, three on one
fide and three on the other, which fupply the firft and fecond ftory ; it is worked by four
horfes. Below are ninety-fix vats of equal fize; they are feven feet in diameter, rather
wider at the bottom, and four feet deep ; in each is put four anda quarter tons of flour
(fourteen lifpunds vig. each), 2000 kannes of water, and ten cannes of common yeatt.
Fach vat yields from eighty to eighty-four kannes, and fometimes, according to the
grain, ninety kannes. The mixture is ftirred at intervals until fermentation takes place.
Upon this the vats are covered, luted down with lime, and in four days the wath is
ready for the ftill; if the weather be warm in a fhorter time ; after-it has fufficiently
fermented the wafh paffes twice through the ftill. ‘There are twenty-fix ftills, four of
which contain four thoufand cannes, the others two thoufand. The wath takes fix or
feven hours before it all comes over. There are three malting kilns, two of which will’
dry two thoufand kannes, the other three thoufand. The daily confumption is from
feventy-five to feventy-feven tons of grain, of fifty kannes each. Each ton requires
three-fourths of a meafure of wood, or two tons of Englifh coal, which comes nearly.
to the fame expence, the meafure of wood cofting 6 plottes, and Englifh coal from 32
to 36 fkillings. The brandy delivered to the King mutt be fix degrees above proof, equal.
to 16° of the hydrometer of Reaumur. We advife thofe who go to Gripfwald,. to res
turn their horfes, as otherwife they may have a long a to wait,
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