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6o4 COXE’S TRAVELS IN RUSSIA:
was, in 1538, inftalled in this cathedral Patriarch of Ruflia, by Jeremias, Patriarch of
Conftantinople. The ceremony of traniflating the fee from the capital of Turkey to
this city is thus defcribed by an author who was himfelf prefent *:
** On the 25th of January, 1588, the Greek Patriarch, accompanied with the Rufle
cleargi, went to the great church of Prechefte, or our Ladie, within the Emperour’s
caftle, where he made an oration, and delivered his refignation in an inftrument of writ-
ing, and {o laid down his patriarchal {taffe ; which was prefently received by the metro-
polite of Mofko, and divers other ceremonies ufled about the inaugration of the new
patriarch.”
The moft venerable of Job’s fucceffors in the patriarchal fee was Philaretes, who,
though no fovereign himfelf, is celebrated as the founder of that line of Ruflian mo-
narchs, diftinguifhed by the name of the houfe of Romanof +t. His fecular name was
Feodor, and he drew his lineage from Andrew, a Pruffian prince, who came into Ruffia
about the middle of the fourteenth century, and whofe immediate defcendants enjoyed
the higheft offices under the fovereigns of this country. . Feodor was fon of Nikita Ro-
manovitch, great grandfon of Andrew, and brother of Anattafia, firft wife of Ivan Vat
filievitch Il. When Boris Godunof was elevated to the throne, the high birth, great
abilities, and popularity of Feodor Romanof, rendered him fo obnoxious to the new
monarch, that he was compelled to aflume the priefthood, and confined:in a monattery,
on which occafion he, according to the Ruffian cuftom, changed his name to Philaretes.
On the acceflion of the foyereign whom the Ruifians call the Falfe Demetrius, Phila-
retes was releafed from confinement, and appointed to thearchbifhopric of Roftof. Soon
after the depofition of Vaflili Shuitki, a {trong party among the nobles having agreed to
elect Ladiflaus, fon of Sigifmond III. King of Poland, Tzar of Ruffia; Philaretes was
difpatched at the head of an embaify, to fettle the conditions of his fon’s election. He
found the Polifh monarch engaged in the fiege of Smoleniko; and when the King de-
manded the immediate ceflion of that town, Philaretes replied, ‘* When your fon has
afcended our throne, he will poffefs not only Smolenfko, but all Ruilia, and it ill becomes
you to difmember his territories.” Sigifmond, exaifperated at this {pirited reply, and ftill
farther inflamed by the remonitrances of the Ambafladors again{t his conduét towards
Ruffia, arrefted and threw them into prifon. Philaretes languifhed nine years in the
caftle of Marienburgh {, in Pruffia, under a rigorous confinement.
His abfence, however, did not diminifh the veneration which the Ruffians entertained
for his character: the whole nation unanimoufly conferred the crown on his fon
Michael, a youth only in the feventeenth year of his age; in hopes that a peace with
Poland would reftore Philaretes to his country, and render him the director of that
power with which they invelted his fon. ‘This expectation was gratified at the truce of
Develina, concluded in 1619, between Ruffia and Poland, which gave Philaretes to the
wifhes of the people. On his arrival at Mofcow he was confecrated patriarch, and became
* Fletcher’s Ruffia, chap. 21. This author adds, that Jeremias, whom he calls Hieronimo, had been
either banifhed from Conftantinople by the Turks, or depofed by the Greek clergy; that he came to
Mofcow without any invitation from the Ruffians, to obtain money from Feodor Ivanovitch, and with this
view propofed the tranflation of the patriarchal fee from Conftantinople to Mofcow. Others deny that he
was either depofed or banifhed, and relate, that the Tzar having formally demanded the confent of the four
Patriarchs of Alexandria, Antioch, Conflantinople, and Jerufalem, to the eftablifhment of a new Patriarch
in Ruffia, they acceded to the requeft, and folemnly deputed Jeremias to Mofeow, who invefted the metro-
politan Job with the new dignity. King on the Greek Church, p. 496.
+ In confequence of a cuitom prevalent among the Ruffians to adopt the appellation of the grandfather
for a family name, the new royal line was called Romanof, in honour of Roman, Feodor’s grandfather.
$ Bufching. Hift. Mag. v. ii. p. 403.
the
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