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882 ; COXE’S TRAVELS IN RUSSIA.
Perfian commerce: formerly veffels entered through the channel into a bay; but
this bay being choaked up, are obliged to lay at anchorin theroad. Einzellee is fitua-
ted on the fouth-weftern coaft, a few miles north of Refhd, capital of the province of
Ghilan: it confifts of Old and New Einzellee; the former inhabited by the Perfians
and Armenians, under the jurifdiction of the fophy, the latter by the Ruffian merchants,
and thofe Armenians who are fubject to Ruffia. A garrifon of thirty foldiers is fta-
tioned under the command of the conful. It contains a Ruflian and Armenian church
and about three hundred houfes, moftly formed with reed. he refufe only of the
Perfian and European commodities is expofed to fale at Einzellee; the Great mart
being at Refhd, where the Ruffians have erected booths, to which place a conflux of
merchants from Tauris, and the principal cities of Perfia, Armenia, and even Turkey,
refort, in order to purchafe the raw filk and manufactures of Ghilan. Hence the
Ruffians difpofe of their European commodities to confiderable advantage, and obtain
in return the produttions of this rich province. ‘The manufactures * and filk of Ghi-.
lan, efteemed the beft in Perfia, have been in fuch repute for thelfe laft fifty years, that
Refhd is become one of the firft commercial towns in this part of Afia. The fineft
fort is ufually white, and chiefly fent into the interior cities of Perfia, or fold to the
‘Turks; the inferior kind is yellow, and principally difpofed of to the Ruffians. There
is fuch a conftant demand for the filk of Ghilan{, that the price mnfes every year.
Refhd fupplies the bordering provinces of Perfia, and the independent neighbouring
{tates as far as Georgia, with European merchandize, except the goods which are tran{-
ported immediately from Aftracan, through Kiflar and Moftok, to the neareft parts
of Georgia, and of theneighbouring mountains; and thofe fent from Shamakee, to
the Lefgees Tartars, and other independent tribes{. 5. Farabat, and 6. Medfhetifar,
are fituated on the fourthern coaft, in the province of Mafanderan; they are both fmall
villages, of which Medfhetifar is moft commercial, from its vicinity to Balfrufch, capi-
tal of the province, where the Ruffians and Armenians convey their merchandife: the
traffic, however, is much lefs confiderable than formerly, a circumftance owing to the
impofitions of the Khan of Mafanderan. The chief productions of this country are
filk, far inferior to that of Ghilan, rice and cotton, of which articles there is a large ex-
portation. Merchants from Kafkan, Mpahan, Schirafs, and Khorafan, refort to Bal-
frufch, and bring for fale the Perfian and Indian commodities §. 7. The bay of Aftra-
bad, where the Ruffians land and proceed to the capital. The produétions of this pro-
vince, and its exports and imports, are nearly fimilar to thofe of Mafanderan. The
commerce of Aftrabad is chiefly with Candahar.
The Tartar havens are, 1. The bay of Balkan; 2. Mangufhlak, both of which, but
particularly the latter, afford a fecure harbour. 1. the Ruffians frequent the iflands
in the bay of Balkan; inhabited chiefly by pirates of the race of Turkoman Tartars :
thefe iflands produce rice and cotton, and one of them called Naphthonia, abounds in
naphtha. The traffic might be increafed to the advantage of Ruflia; as it would be
far more commodious to trade with the Tartars of Khiva and Bucharia from thefe parts
than from Orenburgh, through the country of the warlike and independent Kirghees.
2. The commerce of Mangufhlak is moft confiderable: the neighbouring ‘Yartars bring
to this place the productions of their own country, and evenof Bucharia, fuch as cote
ton, yarn, and ftuffs, furs and fkins, and rhubarb ||.
* See, in Gmelin, vol. iii. p. q15, a lift of the manufaGtures of Ghilan.
+ For an account of the filk of Ghilan, fee Gmelin, vol. iii. p, 412. Hanway, vol. ii. p. 16. 5. R.
G. VIL. p. 515.
$ Gmelin, vol. i, p. 414, § Gmelin, vol. iil. p. 459. {| Guldenflaedt, p. 265—267.
The
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