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898 COXE’S TRAVELS IN RUSSIA.
a rivulet which enters the lake to the eaft of Schluffelburgh ; but now reaches without
interruption, from the Volkof to the Neva. ‘The length is fixty-feven miles and a half, -
and the breadth feventy feet; the mean depth of water in fummer is feven, and in
{pring ten feet; it is fupplied by the Volkof and eight rivulets. The barks enter
through the fluices of the Volkof, and go out through thofe of Schluflelburgh. In
1778, four thoufand nine hundred and twenty-feven veflels pafled through the canal of
Ladoga.
one has been lately projected, to form a water communication between the
Ladoga and Bielo Ozero to the Duna; in order to unite the White Sea and the
Baltic, and improve the ialand commerce between Archangel and Peterfburgh. The
only part of this plan yet finifhed, is a fhort cut of about {even miles from the Volkof
to the Sjas.
The grand project of uniting the Cafpian and the Baltic with the Black Sea, by the
junétion of the Don and Volga, was planned by Peter the Great. Thefe two rivers
approach each other within the diftance of forty miles in the province of Aftracan ;
nd two rivulets, the Ilofla, which falls into the Don, and the Camafhinika, into the
Volga, are only feparated by an interval of five miles. Could thefe two rivulets be
made navigable, and united by a canal, the Black Sea would be joined with the Caf-
pian and the Baltic. With this view Peter fent Perry *, an Englifh engineer, to the
-{pot: the canal was begun under his infpection, and a cut made the length of a mile
and a half ; but the fcheme was dropped, from an idea that it was not practicable.
Being revived, however, by the late Emprefs, profeflor Lovitz was entrufted with the
execution. Having taken a level of the ground between the Ilofla and the Camafhin-
fka, he traced out the canal, and was preparing to begin the work ; when, in 1774, he
was wantonly murdered by the impoftor Pugatchef. The direct diftance between the
two rivulets is only five miles; but the great difficulty would confift in deepening their
beds, and procuring a fupply of water fufficient to render them navigable. The Don,
however, being only forty miles from the Volga, and land-carriage being extremely
cheap and eafy, the advantages refulting from the projetted canal would be fearcely
equivalent to the expence of forming it.
® See Perry’s State of Ruffia.
APPENDIX.
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