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I proceed next to the disposition and nature of the Country, having first
given you a Map of it.
————————————————————
CHAP. III.
Of the temperature of the Air, and soil
of Lapland.
We have seen how Lapland is situate; let us next proceed to other
particularities of it. That ’tis very near the Pole appears from its latitude,
insomuch that for some months in the Summer the Sun here never sets,and
on the contrary in the Winter it never rises; which Herbersten says is but
forty days, and tho three hours in the night the body of it is something darkned,
so that his raies appear not, yet there is so much light, that they continue
their work all the while. Indeed the same account is not to be taken of the whole
Country, since part of it lies nearer, and part further distant from the Pole;
and of these too some parts are more East, and some more to the West, from
whence ’tis that with some of them the Sun is scarce above the Horizon for so
many daies as he pretends. And altho in the Summer it never sets and goes
below the Earth, yet neither does it rise much above it, but as it were kisses and
gently glides along the Horizon for the most part; as likewise in the Winter when
lowest it is not much beneath it: which is the reason that tho they have one
continued night for some months, yet every day the Sun comes so near, that it
makes a kind of twilight. Joh. Magnus saies that in the absence of the Sun there are
two twilights, one in the morning, the other in the evening, in which those poor
remainders of day provide that the night should not be utterly destructive. And
by how much the Sun is farther absent, the light of the Moon is clearer. Hence
Petr. Claud. saies that when the Moon shines they go a fishing, and dispatch all
other necessaries that are to be done without doors; and when it does not, if
the air be clear, even the light of the Stars so much abates the darkness, that
the horrour of the night is much lessened, and there is light enough for the
dispatch of severall businesses, which is farther assisted by the whiteness of the
Snow. The of Lapland is cold, but fresh and clear, and consequently very
wholesome, being much purified by the winds which are here very frequent and
violent. It has bin attested to me by eye-witnesses, that there rises a certain
wind out of the Sea, which beginning to blow raises presently such thick and
dark clouds even in the midst of Summer, that they utterly hinder the sight,
and in the Winter drives the snow with such force and quantity, that if any
person be surprifed abroad, he hath no other remedy but to throw himself on the
ground with some garment over him, suffering himself to be quite buried in snow
till the storm is past, which don, he rises up, and betakes himself to the next
Cottage he can meet, all paths and roads being hid in the snow. But the strongest
and most irresistible winds are upon the Mountains, where they throw down all
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