Full resolution (JPEG) - On this page / på denna sida - I. The Vikings in Ireland (795-1014)
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After the Battle of Clontarf the Norsemen became
gradually absorbed in the general population except in a
few coast towns, where they continued to live more or
less distinct and governed by petty kings until the English
Invasion (1169). In the chronicles of the twelfth and
thirteenth centuries they are generally alluded to as
"Ostmen" (corruptly Houstmanni, Nosmani, etc.),[1] and it
would seem that when Dublin, Limerick, and Waterford
were captured by the English the "Ostmen" had to withdraw
to certain districts outside the walls of these towns.
Thus, near Dublin, north of the River Liffey, we hear of
Ostmaneby[2] (i.e., Austmannabyr) afterwards called
Ostmanstonry, and now known as Oxmanstown. Mention is also
made (c. 1200) of a "’cantred’ of the Ostmen and holy
isle," near Limerick and (c. 1282) of a "vill of the Ostmen"[3]
near Waterford.[4] In the records of the fourteenth century,
however, there is an almost total absence of references to
the "Ostmen" in Ireland.[5]
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