128 Ellen Key The warning Ellen Key here directed to youth had a decidedly quickening influence on many of the young men who heard her lecture in Upsala, or who read her brochure. Some expressed themselves afterwards as so impressed by her words that sleep had fled that night. Thanks to the enthusiasm of these young students, the brochure was widely spread, and it may be said without exaggera- tion that this address set its stamp on that generation of youth whom it reached. The second chapter deals with the rights of Unionism. Clear-sighted and just as Ellen Key is, she takes the part neither of employer nor of employee. In regard to this polemical subject she desires legal contracts on both sides and arbitration established by law. Union rights must be recognised as absolute and inviolable. Now, as always, she takes the side of the oppressed, consequently in this conflict she takes the part of the labourers who were denied the right to organise. She pleads for liberty as against despotism and finally says: "We talk of needing fortifica- tions against possibly dangerous neighbours, but the fortification we especially have need of is a flaming hatred of oppression of any kind, a passionate energy of freedom, with-