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36 BULGARIA IN 1911 [chap. 111.
at the head of a gendarmerie which they strove to
reform; finally, an international financial commission
inaugurated in the province a system for controlling
and preserving the resources of the country from the
demands of the Ottoman Treasury.
It is worthy of note that relations between the
Russian and Austrian commissioners were not at all
strained, and that this good understanding reacted in a
favourable manner on the actions of the Consuls of the
two Empires in Macedonia. This latter state of things
was due to the modus vivendi existing between the two
rival diplomacies since 1897, which threw cold water on
the efforts of the Balkan States, especially those of
Bulgaria, to create friction between Russia and Austria,
and under cover of this friction to foment serious
trouble in Macedonia. With the year 1908 came the
overthrow of this scheme, which was partly artificial,
partly necessary and beneficial to the work of
maintaining the peace of the world.
In July of that year, at an inopportune moment for
every one, the Turkish Revolution broke out. In a few
short weeks, Abdul Hamid’s regime and—more important
still—all the former autocratic Turkish regime were
destroyed, and at the same time the enormous influence
which Germany ’had been able to acquire in
Constantinople seemed to be lost for ever. Under the influence
of spontaneous enthusiasm, the Christian nations of
Turkey believed ardently in the inauguration of a new
era of fraternity and progress, they threw themselves
into the arms of the sons of their former oppressors, and
wished to work out the salvation of their common
country. Armenians, Roman Catholic Syrians, Greeks
of the Archipelago, and Bulgarians of Macedonia forgot
their grievances and their old quarrels. Heads of
Macedonian bands fraternised with the members of the
Committee " Union and Progress"; Greeks and
Bulgarians embraced one another; and meanwhile the civil
commissioners, the officers of the gendarmerie, the
European members of the financial commission were
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