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naar Skruefartøjer skal gaa ret mod eller ret undaf Yinden
i høj Sø, at Skruen til enkelte Tider kommer ud af Søen.
eller i alle Fald saa høit op i Vandet, at den tager en
saadan Fart, at der let kan opstaa Havari i Maskinen.
Erfaring lærte, at "Vøringen" klarede sig bedst i høi
Søgang. naar den blev lagt med Stevnen ret mocl Søerne,
men naar Bølgetoppen havde passeret Skibets Midte, faldt
Bougen ned i Bølgedalen og Skruen, som derved loftedes
op i Vandets Overflade, slog da saa haardt, at Maskinisten
stadig maatte staa med Throttlevalven i Haanden og bremse.
Næstcommanderende, Premierlieutenant Petersen, fandt da
paa at hænge op et af de store Lodder, der brugtes til
Lodningerne, af 112 Pd.s Vægt. under Maskinskylightet,
med Forstøtning til Siderne, saaat det blot kunde svinge
frem og tilbage i Skibets Diametralplan. I den nedre Ende
var fastgjort 2 Snore, der løb gjennem Kouse, en forrenfor
Maskinen (over Kjedlen) og en agtenfor samme (i
Maskinskylightet) noget ud i Borde, og begge Snore var med de
nedre Ender fastgjorte i Haandtaget til Throttlevalven.
Idet Skibet nu faldt ned med Bougen. svingede
Loddet forefter, trak derved i den agterste Snor og lukkede
Throttlevalven. Naar Skibet atter rejste sig, faldt Loddet
tilbage og aabnede igjen for Dampen ved Hjelp af den
anden Snor. ’Grændserne for Loddets eller Ventilens
Bevægelser i begge Retninger reguleredes vecl et Par paa den
agterste Snor fæstede Tværstykker af Træ. der stoppede
op imod den agterste Kous i Maskinskylightet.
Gjennem dette enkle Arrangement udførte Loddet den
for Maskinisten saa besværlige Tjeneste med Bremsningen,
og bedre end han kunde, da Loddet følger Skibets
Bevægelser sikkrere end Maskinisten kan. Med fuld Fart hjalp
ikke Loddet, da Slideskabet og Cylinderen, indeholdt for
meget Damp selv efter Throttlevalvens Lukning; men da
Maskinisten heller ikke kan gjøre mere end at lukke, er
man i dette Tilfælde ved Omstændighedernes Medfør nødt
til at regulere til mindre Fart.
It is a well-known drawback with screw-vessels steaming
head or stern to wind in a heavy sea, that of the screw
being at times either wholly lifted out of the water, or
at least brought so near the surface as to cause it to
revolve with a rapidity that cannot but expose the engine to
serious damage. In rough weather, the "Vøringen" was found
to behave best with her head to the sea; but when the
crest of a wave had passed the middle of the ship, she
would plunge her bows into the trough of the’ sea. and the
screw, being then proportionally raised, tore round with such
critical violence at the surface of the water that the
engineer had to be constantly on the alert, ready at any moment
to shut the throttle-valve and cut. off the steam. Observing
this and the trouble it entailed, Lieutenant Petersen, our
second in command, hit upon the ingenious device of
suspending as a governor under the engine-room skylight one
of the heavy leaden sinkers, weight 112 lbs., which he made
to swing right fore and aft. At the bottom end of the sinker
were fastened two lines, rove through thimbles, one before
the engine (over the boiler), and the other abaft it (on the
engine-room skylight), a little to the port side, the other two
ends being made fast to the hand-lever of the
throttle-valve.
Now. when the vessel pitched, the sinker swung
forward, and, pulling upon the afterline. closed the
throttle-valve; on her again rising, the sinker swung back, opening
the steam-passage by its drag on the other line. The motion
both of the sinker and of the valve was kept within proper
limits by two cross-pieces of wood on the after line, fixed
one on each side of the after thimble.
By this simple arrangement, the engineer was relieved
from the troublesome duty of throttling, which the sinker
performed even more effectually, following the motion of the
vessel with far greater nicety than the most watchful eye.
At full speed, our pendulum-governor was of no avail, the
valve-casing and the cylinder then containing too much steam,
even with the throttle-valve closed; however, as the
engineer can do no more than cut off the steam, in that case
there is nothing for it but to reduce the speed.
Lodning.
Lodderne. Naar Dybden ikke antoges at være over
1000 Favne, anvendtes det saakaldte Rør-Lod. Til
Lodning paa større Dyb brugtes Baillie-Maskinen.
Rør-Loddet (Fig. 7) er af Bly 0."’77 (2 Fod 51/.» Tom.)
langt, 0."’078 (3 Tom.) tykt og vejer 5(3 Kgr. (112 Pund).
Det har i den nedre Ende et i en Messingmuffe indskruet
Jernrør 0.w23 (9 Tom.) langt. 0.’"052 (2 Tom.) bredt til
Optagning af Prøver af Bunden. Dette Rør har i den øvre
Ende nogle Huller for at Vandet kan slippe ud, naar
Bundprøven trænger ind nedenfra, og i den nedre Ende en
Butterfly-Ventil, der aabner sig opad, og som hindrer Bund-
Deep-sea Sounding.
When the depth was supposed not to exceed 1000
fathoms, we used the tube-lead, as it is called. For
sounding in greater depths the Baillie machine was employed.
The Tube-lead (Fig. 7). 2 feet 61/* inches long by 3
inches thick, is of lead, and weighs 112 lbs. At the lower
end it has a brass box. into which is screwed an iron tube.
9 inches long by 2 inches in diameter, for bringing up
samples of the bottom. This tube has the upper end perforated
with a number of holes, Jo allow of the water passing out
above on the sample of the bottom pressing in from beneath,
and is furnished at the lower end with a butterfly valve, open-
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