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10
Aabning paa hver Side. Stykket b. der har en Bredde: som
er noget mindre end Roret (Cs indvendige Diameter, er
indsat i dette saaledes, at Knasterne ved Vs nedre Ende
kommer frem i Sideaabningerne, og Stykket b kan saaledes
bevæges op og ned. fra at Knasten støder an mod
Overkant til den støder an mod Underkant af Aabningen. I
sidste Tilfælde er b ganske skjult inde i Røret med
Undtagelse af Ringen. I den nedre Ende af Røret a er
anbragt den samme Indretning til Optagning af Bundprøve
som paa Rør-Loddet.
Til Maskinen hører Jernlodderne c, c, c, af hvilke
hvert har en Vægt af omtrent 27 Kilogram (55 Pd.). De
ere korte Cylindre af støbt Jern med et Hul i Midten af
noget større Diameter end Røret cis og med Knaster paa
Oversiden samt tilsvarende Fordybninger paa Undersiden
og desuden en Fure paa begge Sider, der ligger i
Knasternes og Fordybningernes Plan. Naar det ene Lod stables
ovenpaa det andet, danner deres Furer en fortløbende
Rende. Underlod og Overlod har særskilt Fonn, som
Figuren viser, idet det første er kugleformig afrundet paa
Undersiden, for at gjøre mindre Modstand mod Vandet,
og det sidste er noget konisk.
Naar Baillie-Maskinen skal rigges, bruges en større
cylindrisk Træblok med et Hul i. Midten. Over clette
lægges Ringen’ d, der er af Støbejern, med isatte Jerntraacle,
og man stabler nu Lodderne ovenpaa, saa mange som man
anser fornødent for med Sikkerhed at kunne angive
Øjeblikket, da Loddet slaar f Bund. Derefter sættes Røret
a gjennem Hullerne i Lodderhe og Træblokken, Stykket b
løftes op, Jerntraadene lægges i Jernloddernes Sidefurer,
og Ringene / hukes paa de øvre Afsatser paa b. Naar
man nu løfter op i Lodlinen, der er hexet fast til Ringen
i Stykket’ 6, hænge Lodderne paa Afsatserne paa
Stykket b, og Røret a hænger med Overkant af
Sideaabningerne paa Knasterne ved den nedre Ende af 6, som i
Figuren. Naar Maskinen støder mod Bunden, bliver det
løst hængende Rør a drevet op og trykker med sin øvre
koniske, og afrundede Del Ringene / ud af Afsatserne paa
b. Derved er Forbindelsen mellem Jernlodderne og
Lodlinen ophævet, Lodderne med Ringen d, Jerntraadene og
Ringene / falde ned og blive liggende paa Havbunden,
medens Røret a og Stykket b bringes op til Overfladen,
naar Lodlinen hives ind.
Der blev anvendt indtil 8 Lodder af samlet Vægt
216 Kilogram (432 Pd.). Røret, der hales op, vejer kun
17.5 Kilogram (35 Pd.).
Baillie-Maskinen viste sig at være et udmærket
Apparat, idet Lodderne hver eneste Gang, den brugtes, gik af
Røret, om e/id Bunden var noksaa blød. Den eneste Van-
and farther down, in a line with the latter, two other
openings, one on either side. The piston-iron b, not quite
equal in width to the inner diameter of a, being so fitted
into the tube that the studs at its lower extremity correspond
with the aforesaid slots, or openings, can accordingly work
up and down within those limits. When the studs are at
the bottom of the slots, the piston-iron b is just within the
br.ass or upper end of the tube, the ring only by which
the instrument is shackled to the sounding-line being then
above it. For bringing up samples of the bottom, the
lower end of the tube has an arrangement similar to that
at the bottom of the tube-lead.
To the machine belong a number of sinkers c, c, c,
weighing each about 55 pounds, — short cast-iron cylinders,
with, a hole through the middle slightly exceeding in
diameter the tube of the instrument, and toothed and notched
so as to lit into one another and make one mass, also
having a groove on either side in the same plane with the
notches. The top and bottom sinkers differ in shape, the
former being slightly conical, and the latter having the lower
end spherically rounded, to diminish the resistance and thus
increase the velocity in descending.
The Baillie machine was placed for adjustment on
a cylinder of wood, having a hole through the middle
setae what greater in diameter than that of the tube a.
Over the bore of the cylinder is placed a cast-iron ring
d, with iron wires attached; and upon the ring are
piled a number of sinkers, sufficient to determine the
exact moment at which the instrument reaches the bottom.
The lower part of the tube a is next passed through the
sinkers into the wooden cylinder beneath; and after
drawing out the piston-iron b, the wires, forming a sling, are
laid in the groove along the sides of the sinkers, and
the rings f hooked upon the shoulders of the jjiston.
Now. on the instrument being hung to the sounding-line
by the ring of the piston-iron, the sinkers will depend,
on the iron-wire sling, from the shoulders of b, and
the tube a from the lower studs that retain the
piston-iron in position, the brass cylinder being pulled down the
entire length of the slots, as shown in the figure. W lien
the tube and the weights touch the bottom, the brass
cylinder is pushed upward the length of the slots, and its
top rim striking against the rings1/, the sling is slipped
off the shoulders of the piston-iron. The sinkers, being thus
deprived of their support, drop, carrying with them the
ring d, the wires of the sling, and the rings /, down the
tube a, which, on hauling in the line, comes up alone, with
the piston-rod and a sample of the bottom.
For some soundings we used as many as 8 sinkers,
weighing together 432 pounds. The weight of the tube is
only 35 pounds.
The Baillie machine proved an excellent apparatus,
the weights being without exception detached from the
tube, however soft the bottom. The only difficulty
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