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•12
Den følgende Dag, 1ste August, lik jeg 0111
Formiddagen nogle Solhøjder fra Ankerpladsen. Vi lettede og
stod sydover, loddede og skrabede paa 70 og 95 Favnes
Dyb (se Kartet). Bunden var sort vulkansk Sand og Slik
og Dyrelivet rigt; Vandet ved Bunden havde en
Temperatur under 0°. Over Jan Mavens Sydland laa Taageil
fremdeles og skjulte de øverste Dele. men over Nordlandet
spredte Skyerne sig efterhaanden, saa at vi hele
Eftermiddagen og Aftenen havde det herlige Syn af Beerenberg
i fuld Solbelysning. Selvfølgelig vare alle Tegnere i fuld
Virksomhed. Fra den nordligste af de paa Kartet med 95
Favnes Dyb betegnede Stationer tog jeg en Række
Maalinger af Beerenberg: Horizontalvinkler og Højdevinkler med
Sextant. Heldningsvinkler med det til mit geologiske
Com-pas hørende Klinometer, samt tiere Skitser. Dette Material
er benyttet til Tegningen af mit Billede af Beerenberg.
Til Venstre ser man den sorte Ægø i lidt over 6
Kvartmils Afstand, det nærmeste Object. Havhorisjonten
ligger i lidt over 4 Kvartmils Afstand fra Øjet, og alle
Strandpartierne dukke følgelig under denne. Til Højre for
Ægøen sees Kraterne Esk og Vogt, begge meel sine
kløftede Kraterrender. Mellem Krater Vogt og det spidsere
Fjeld (Scoresby’s Berg) til venstre for samme, der ligger
lige op for. Østkanten af Ægøen, synes en Dal med en
Bergmasse, der skraaner mod Vest og hvis Fod var synlig
fra Ankerpladsen, maaske en Lavastrøm. Dens Farve var
mere blaalig, medens Kraternes er rødlig. Østenfor Krater
Vogt saaes, mindre tydelig, nogle Højder under Beerenbergs
Fod, indtil man kommer til den store Sydbræ, der i en
Bue gaar ned fra Snegrændsen til Havet. Partiet mellem
Sydbræen og Sydostkap frembød i den betydelige Afstand,
9 til 12 Kvartmil, ikke mange Detaljer. Lige øst for
Sydbræen kunde jeg se en Højde eller en Højderyg, der
syntes at ende i et Fremspring i Havet, Scoresby’s Cape
Fish-burn. Som man ser af Billedet, kunde Snegrændsens
gjennemsnitlige Beliggenhed bestemmes med en ikke ringe
Nøjagtighed. Dens Højde beregner jeg efter mine
Maalinger til 706 Meter over Havet. Over Snegrændsen sees
Beerenbergs Snekaabe, der dækker hele den øvre Del af
Fjeldets Basis. Denne Basis er en flad Kegle; dens
Skraa-ning maaltes paa Vestsiden til 8° og paa Østsiden, ned
mod Sydostkap, til 10°. •
Over Basiskeglen, der rækker .op til en Højde af c.
1400 Meter, hæver sig Beerenbergs Askekegle med en
ydre Skraauing af 42°. Denne fremtræder ren .paa
Vestsiden, medens der paa Østsiden skyder frem fra Keglen
nogle Ribber, antagelig Lavagange gjennem Keglen, der
reducere den apparente Skraaning til 32°. Paa Vestsiden
maaltes. fra den 8° heldende Basis af, et længere Stykke
med 15° Heldning, derpaa et kortere Stykke med 28°
On the following day. August the lst. I took in the
forenoon a few solar altitudes from the anchorage. AVe
then got under weigh and stood south, sounding and
dredging in 70 and 95 fathoms (see Map). The bottom
consisted of black volcanic sand and ooze; and there was
abundance of animal life. The bottom-temperature was
below 0°. Over the southern part of Jan Mayen the fog
still lay heavy, obscuring the most elevated tracts; but over
the northern part the clouds were gradually dispersing, and
throughout the afternoon and evening we had a
magnificent sun-lit view of Beerenberg. All who could draw
were now of course fully engaged in sketching the scenery.
From the most northerly of the observing-stations at which
the depth, as indicated in the Map, was 95 fathoms, I
took a series of measurements of Mount Beerenberg. —
horizontal and vertical angles, with the sextant, angles of
inclination, with the clinometer belonging to my geological
compass, and made besides several sketches. The material
thus acquired has been carefully worked up for my
prospect of Mount Beerenberg.
On the left-hand side, distant upwards of 6 miles,
the black wall of Egg Island, the nearest object in the
picture, is seen boldly projecting. The distance of the
horizon being a little more than 4 miles from the point
of view, all parts of the shore dip beneath it. To the
right of Egg Island are seen the Esk and Vogt craters,
with their jagged edges. Between Vogt’s crater and
the somewhat acuminate mountain to the left (Mount
Scoresby) rising behind the eastern acclivity of Egg
Island, extends a valley filled with a rocky mass, —
.possibly a current of lava, — the base of which was visible
from the anchorage. This mass had a bluish tint, whereas
the craters are of a reddish colour. East of Vogt’s crater
loomed a few summits at the foot of Mount Beerenberg,
and farther on was seen the great southern glacier shelving
down in a curve from the snow-limit to the sea. At so
considerable a distance as 9 to 12 miles, the tract between
the southern glacier and Cape South-East did not present
many prominent details. East of the southern glacier, I
could distinguish a summit or mountain-ridge terminating
apparently in a headland, — Scoresbys Cape Fishburu.
As will be seen from the plate, the snow-line could be
determined with very considerable accuracy. Its elevation
I computed from my measurements at 2316 feet above the
sea. At that height commence the snows of Beerenberg,
which cover the entire upper portion of the base of the
mountain. The base has the form of an obtuse cone, that
on the west side was found to incline 8°, on the east,
towards Cape South-East, 10°.
Above the lower cone, which attains an altitude of
nearly 4600 feet, towers the cone of ashes, with its outer
slope shelving at an angle of 42°. On the west side the
slope has the surface smooth, but on the east exhibits a
few prominent ribs, probably dykes of lava, which reduce
the apparent incline to 32°. On the west side, from where
the base of the mountain shelves at an angle of 8°, the
slope for a good way up was found to be 15°, then for a
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