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19
engelske Fod eller 2094 Meter. De Højdemaalinger, som
jeg tik fra Ankerpladsen i Mary Muss Bugten og fra
Lodde-stationen No. 224 paa Østsiden (Side 12) stemme meget vel
med en Højde af 1945 Meter, idet de give. Distantserne
tagne efter Kartet, respective 1968 og 1944 Meter.
Paa alle de ældre Karter findes paa Vestsiden af
Beerenberg. ved Havet, mellem første og andet Korsnes, et
Sted betegnet som en Isbræ. Det hedder i "Zeespiegel":
Heynste Ysbergh, bos Scoresby: Iceberg, og bos Vogt er
vist en fra Beerenbergs Side til Havet udgaaende stor
Isbræ. Da vi besøgte Jan Mayen, fandtes ber paa denne
Kant ingen Isbra1. der .gaar til Havet. A"i saa kun enkelte
Sneflækker paa den lavere Del af Øen. Scoresby og Vogt,
der begge kun saa Jan Mayens Østkyst, have aabenbart
hentet deniie Bræ fra det gamle hollandske Kart. Er
Bræen forsvunden siden Begyndelsen af det 18de
Aarhundrede? Zorgdrager har den. og den staar nævnt i
Beskrivelsen i •’•Zeespiegel". Eller foreligger en Forvexling
med Bræerne paa Nordsiden?
De 3 store Isbræer paa Nordsiden af Jan Mayen
findes ikke angivne paa Kartet i "Zeespiegel". og heller
ikke hos Zorgdrager, Scoresby eller Vogt. Nordsiden er.
som tidligere nævnt, ikke beskrevet i -Zeespiegel". men
paa Zorgdragers Kart findes angivet Trankogerier. i østre
Korsbugt. saa at man maa antage, at denne Kyst i tidligere
Tider var vel kjendt. Have disse Bræer først siden Midten
af forrige Aarhundrede naaet den nuværende Udstrækning?
Paa Østsiden af Beerenberg saa vi fem store Isbræer,
der med en bråt Heldning gik lige ned til Havet. Flere
end dette Antal kunde med Bestemthed ikke anføres.
-’Zeespiegel" har saavel i Kartet som i Beskrivelsen kun 3
Isbræer her, i Beliggenhed svarende til de tre nordligste,
ligesaa Zorgdragers og Scoresby’s Kart. hvilket sidste dog
grupperer dem noget anderledes, idet de to sydligste ere
lagte paa noget nær samme Plads, som vore to sydligste.
Scoresby’s Billede derimod viser flere end 5 til Havet
ned-rækkende Bræer paa denne Kyst. hvilke det er vanskeligt
at identificere med de af os sete.. Paa Kartet i Berna’s
"Nordfahrt’’ kan jeg ikke gjenfinde vore fem Bræer, men
vel paa Billedet af Østkysten i samme Verk. Ere de stejle
Isbræer paa Østkysten med Hensyn til Antal og
Betyden-hed vexlende med Tiderne?
Sydbræen findes ikke paa Karterne i "Zeespiegel",
hos Zorgdrager og Scoresby. omtales heller ikke i disses
Beskrivelser. Den forekommer først hos Vogt. • hvis Kart,
Billeder og Beskrivelse stemme godt med vore Iagttagelser.
Kysten udenfor er. efter de. ældre Beskrivelser, meget uren,
saa at Bræen maaske ikke havde nogen hydrografisk Inter-
the ’altitude of Beerenberg — August the 3rd — to be
6380 feet, whereas Scoresby’s determination is 6870 feet.
The altitudes I succeeded in taking from our anchorage in
Mary Muss Bay and from Sounding-statioii 224, on the
east side of the island (page 12), agree very well with a
height of 6380 feet, corresponding as they do to 6457 and
6377 feet. •
On the west side of Beerenberg, iri. close proximity
to the sea. between the first and second Cross Capes, there,
is in all of the earlier maps a point marked to denote a
glacier. In the "Zeespiegel’" it bears the name of Heynste
Ysbergh; Scoresby calls it Iceberg; and in the map
accompanying Vogt’s work on Jan Mayen a large glacier is here
seen extending down the slope of the mountain to the sea.
When we visited the island, there was no glacier reaching
out to t*he sea on this side. AVe merely saw a few patches
of suow scattered here and there over the lower tract
of the -coast. Scoresby and Vogt, both of whom saw only
the eastern shores of Jan Mayen, have manifestly followed
the old Dutch map. Can the glacier have disappeared since
the beginning of the 18th century? Zorgdrager has it, and
it is mentioned in the account given in the "Zeespiegel."
Or has there, been some mistake connected with the
glaciers of the north side?
The 3 great glaciers on the. north coast of Jan Maven
are not to be found on the map in the "Zeespiegel/’ nor
on those by Zorgdrager, Scoresby, or Vogt. As previously
mentioned, no account is given of the north side in the
old Dutch work; but on Zorgdragers map we have given
the position of factories established in East Cross Bay
for boiling down blubber; and hence that coast must have
been well known in former times. Possibly, the glaciers
in question did not attain their present extent till the
middle of the last century.
On the* east side of Beerenberg, we saw 5 large
glaciers shelving abruptly down to the sea. A greater
number could not be clearly distinguished. Only 3 glaciers
are to be found here on the map in the "Zeespiegel.’’
corresponding in position to the three northernmost of ours,
as also on the maps by Zorgdrager and Scoresby, though
the latter groups them somewhat differently, the two lying
farthest south having almost the same position as the two
most southerly of those observed by ourselves; but on the
other hand, in Scoresby’s view of the coast -more than 5
glaciers, which can hardly be identified with those we
observed. extend down to the sea. On the map in Berna’s
"Nordfahrt" I cannot find our 5 glaciers; in his view of
the east coast, however, in the same work, they are easy
to identify. Do the precipitous glaciers on the east coast,
as regards number and extent, possibly undergo some change
in the course of centuries?
The Southern Glacier is not to be. found on any of
the earlier maps of Jan Mayen, nor is it mentioned in the
accounts of the island given in the "Zeespiegel" and by
Zorgdrager and Scoresby. The first to call attention to
this glacier was Vogt, whose map. views, and general
account of the island closely agree with our own observations.
3*
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