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40
har derimod flere Undersøgelsesstationer i de store Fjorde,
der her skjærer sig inc! i Landet.
I Altenfjorden fandtes et fint» lyst grøngraat Ler. i
Porsangerfjorden et mørkt grønligt, der ligner
Rhabdaminina-Leret. og i Tanafjorden et ensartet.’ lysgraat Ler.
Den Del af Østhavets grunde Havbund, der i Syd
for Beeren Eilancl begynder at skraane ned mod det
vestlige Dyb. er vistnok i Almindelighed bedækket af et graat
Ler. men dette er ofte biblandet et brunt Sandler, der
danner det øverste Lag af Sedimentet og stundom udgjør
den overveiende Del af Bundprøven. Disse
Uregelmæssigheder har jeg ved Tegningen af Kartet undladt at tage
Hensyn til. Som det vil sees af dette, har jeg lagt det
graa Ler som en Fortsættelse fra Norges Kystbanker
opover mod Nord forbi Vestsiden af Beeren Eilancl og videre
langs Spidsbergens Kyst. Efter hvad der i det nærmest
foregaaende er sagt, vil clet imidlertid være indlysende, at
de Grændser, jeg har trukket for det graa Lers Udbredelse
imellem Norge og Beeren Eiland, er af en noget ubestemt
Art eller ialfald maa betragtes med et vist Forbehold.
Denne Usikkerhed ved Kartet indskrænker sig imidlertid
til denne Del af Havbunden; de øvrige Grændsers
Paalidelighed er sikret ved talrigere Stationer ■ og ved en større
Grad af Regelmæssighed med Hensyn til Sedimenternes
Fordeling.
Det graa Ler langs .Spidsbergen synes gjennemgaaende
at være af en noget mørkere Farve end Norges Kystler,
men hvad der forøvrigt er sagt om det sidste, gjælder i
sin Almindelighed ogsaa om hint.
De Bundprøver, der udelukkende bestaar af graat Ler.
er sjelden optagne paa nogen større Dybde end 400—450
Favne. Langs den nordlige Del af den norske Kyst findes
der blot nogle faa Stationer, som danner Undtagelser fra
denne Regel. De mest abnormale i denne Retning er
Stationerne 134, 136 og 1371, hvor vi finder det graa Ler
indtil et Dyb af 844 Favne. Ved Betragtning af
Dybdekartet over det norske Hav vil man se, at Havbunden, der
hvor disse Stationer forekommer, viser en meget
eiendommelig Formation. Kystbankerne, der langs Vesteraalen og
Lofoten har en temmelig snever Udstrækning, udvider sig
nemlig paa dette Sted temmelig pludselig til et større
Omraade. Omkring de nævnte Stationer gjør Dybdekurven
for 800 Favne en skarp og trang Bugt og fortsættes i en
ny Retning, der næsten danner en ret Vinkel med dens
foregaaende. Denne eiendommelige og interessante Fonn
af Havbunden er meget nøiagtig bestemt ved talrige
Dybde-maalinger. Som det senere skal omtales, fandtes der ogsaa
i denne Bugt en Mængde Stene.
Paa de sydligere Dele af de norske Kystbanker synes
det graa Ler i Almindelighed at gaa ned til større Dyb
end længere Nord.. I Øst for Island fandtes det graa Ler
the Expedition had several observing-stations in the great
fjords of that region.
In the Alten Fjord, the surface-layer of the bottom
was found to consist of a. fine, light-coloured, greenish-grey
clay: in the Porsanger Fjord, of a dark, greenish clay,
resembling Rhabdammina: and in the Tana Fjord, of a
light-grey homogeneous clay.
The shallow bed of the East Sea, which, south of
Beeren Eiland, begins to slope down towards the western
depths, is, indeed, in that locality chiefly covered with a grey
clay; but a brown, sabulous clay often occurs as the top
layer of the deposit, and sometimes constitutes the
principal part of the sample. Meanwhile. I had no regard to
these exceptional characteristics when drawing the annexed
map, in which the grey clay is shown to extend from the
Norwegian coastal banks northward past the western shores
of Beeren Eiland. and thence along-the coast of
Spitzbergen. From what has been stated above, it will, however,
be apparent, that the limits I have traced for the
distribution of the grey clay between Norway and Beeren Eiland
are to a certain extent problematical, or should at least
be regarded with some reservation. But this uncertainty
does not extend to any other part of the sea-bed marked
oft* on the map; numerous observing-stations, together with
greater uniformity of distribution, vouch for accuracy as
regards the outline of the remaining sections.
The grey clay occurring along the coast of
Spitzbergen would appear to be somewhat darker in colour than
the Norwegian shore-deposit; but for the rest, what has
been observed respecting the latter, will as a rule apply
with equal force to the former.
Samples of the bottom consisting exclusively of grey
clay were rarely obtained from a greater depth than 400.
to 450- fathoms. In some few localities, however, off the
northern part of the Norwegian coast, this limit was
considerably exceeded. The most notable exceptions to the
rule occur at Stations 134, 136, and 137,1 where the
grey clay reaches -as far down as 844 fathoms. On
examining the Depth Chart, a very peculiar configuration
will be seen to characterize the basin of the North
Atlantic in the locality where those Stations are located.
Here the coastal banks, comparatively narrow off
Vesteraalen and Lofoten, suddenly expand. Round the
aforesaid Stations, the curve of depth (800 fathoms) makes a
sudden bend, after which it strikes off in a new direction
well-nigh at right angles to that it had before. This
singular and interesting feature in the contour of the
ocean-bed has been accurately determined by numerous trustworthy
soundings. Here, too, within the bend of the curve, the
deposit contained a great many pebbles.
At the southern extremity of the Norwegian coastal
banks, the grey clay would as a rule appear to attain a
greater depth than at the northern. East of Iceland this
’ 1 Disse Stationer ligger imellem fi7° og (i.S° N.B. og 0. L.
Between iat. 07° N., long. 8° E. and lat. c»8° K, long. 0° E.
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