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110
Spidsbergen, østenom Grønlands Østkyst, over Island1 og
vestenom og søndenom Færøerne. Det omfatter de Strøg
af Havet, hvor den varme Havstrøm fra Nordatlanterhavet
trænger ind paa højere Bredder mellem Norge og
Grønland-Spidsbergen og de af denne Havstrøm beskyllede Kyster.2
Hvorvidt denne ejendommelige Form for Lufttrykkets
daglige Variation tihører det norske Hav og dets
Sommer-maane’der3 alene, maa fremtidige Undersøgelser vise. De
Egne. hvor man skulde søge den. maatte, ifølge Buchans
Karter, være Beringshavet og den nordligste Del af det
pacifiske Ocean og muligens et Strøg i den sydlige Del af
det indiske og pacifiske Ocean, omkring 50° sydlig Bredde.
Den sydlige Grænse for det norske Havs Felt kunde maaske
bestemmes vecl Observationer fra Skibe der sejle mellem
Skotland og Newfoundland.
Til Forklaringen af det Fænomen, som gjennem vor
Expeditions Barometermaalinger har vist sig, kan jeg ikke
anføre noget bedre, end hvad Professor .T. Hann siger i
sin Afhandling "Ueber den täglichen Gang des Luftdruckes,
etc. auf den Plateaux der Rocky Mountains, aus dem
LXXXm Bande der Sitzb. der k. Akad. der Wissensch.
n Abth. März-Heft. Jahrg. 1881," Side 10:
"En lignende Proces — som i Dalene — finder Sted
mellem Land og Hav; om Dagen flyder i de øvre Lag
Luften over Landet hen mod Havet og bevirker der en
1 Vestgrønland har samme Periode som Fjordene:
Godthaab: + 0.02 — 0.14 0.12
Jacobshavn: + 0.12 — 0.17 + 0.05
- Hvorledes Perioden faldt under Expeditionen Kejser i de
forskjellige Strøg af Havet, sees af nedenstaaende Tabel.
Med Undtagelse af Strøget Færøerne — Island, hvor Expeditionen
laa 4 Dage vejrfast ved Vestmannaøerne og idethele var paa større
vestlige Længder (udenfor Feltet?), falder Minimum overalt om
Morgenen og Maximum om Eftermiddagen. I Havet udenfor Spidsbergens
Vestkyst fandtes 2 Maxima og 2 Minima. Disse 2 sidste ere omtrent
lige sterkt udprægede, medens Middagsmaximumet er betydelig mere
fremtrædende end Midnattens. Det er her at bemerke, at
Expeditionen laa til Ankers l’/s Dag ved Norskøerne, 1 Dag i Magdalena
Baj og 4 Dage i Advent Baj, hvilke Dages Observationer indgaa i
ovenstaaende Resultat.
3 Medium af December, Januar og Februar:
Skudesnes —0.0« —0.08 +0.1 S
Christiansund —0.10 + O.03 + 0.06
Iceland,1 and west and south of the Færoes. This tract
comprises such parts of the Norwegian Sea through which
the warm current from the North Atlantic flows into higher
latitudes, between Norway and Greenland-Spitzbergen and
the coasts washed by the said current.2
Whether this peculiar feature attending the daily
variation of the pressure of the air, be exclusively
characteristic of the Norwegian Sea and the summer months3 in
that region, is a question that future investigations must
decide. The regions in which, according to Buchan’s tchart,
it should be sought for. are Bering’s Sea and the most
northerly part of the Pacific Ocean; possibly, too, a tract
in the southern part of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, in
about 50° S. lat. The southerii boundary of the tract in
the Norwegian Sea might, perhaps, be determined by means
of observations taken on vessels sailing between Scotland
and Newfoundland.
As an explanation of the phenomenen that asserted
itself in the barometrical observations taken on the Norwegian
Expedition, I can adduce nothing better than the remarks
of Professor J. Hann in his Memoir "Ueber den täglichen
Gang des Luftdruckes etc., auf den Plateaux der Rocky
Mountains, aus dem LXXXTII Bande der Sitzb. der k.
Akad. der Wissensch.. II Abth., März-Heft., Jahrg. 1881,"
p. 10: —
"A process similar to that in the valleys goes on
between land and sea; in the day time the air in the upper
strata above the land flows towards the sea, occasioning an
1 West Greenland has the same period as the Fjords, viz. —
Godthaab: — +0.02 —0.14 +0.12
Jacobshavn: — +0.12 —0.17 + 0.0.">
2 The period on the cruises of the Expedition in the different
parts of the Norwegian Sea, is seen from the Table given below.
Saving the tract between the Færoes and Iceland, where the
j Expedition lay wind-bound for 4 days at the Vestmanna Islands, and
|i was indeed on the whole passage in more westerly longitude (without
I the district in question?), the minimum occurred everywhere in the
i morning and the maximum in the afternoon. In the sea off the west
coast of Spitsbergen, there were 2 maxima and 2 minima. The two
II latter have about equal prominence, whereas the noon maximum is
much more prominent than the midnight maximum. I must not omit
to state, that the Expedition lay a day and a hall at anchor at the
I Norway Islands, one day in Magdalena Bay, and 4 days in Advent
Bay, the observations taken on these days being comprised in the
result given above.
|j s Mean for December, January, and February: —
Skudesnes: — —0.00 —0.08 +0.13
Christiansund: — —0.10 +0.03 +0.00
Tid. Strøg. Min. Max. Time. Tract.
1870 Juni 28— Juli 8: Christiansund til Færøerne a.m., 1* p.m. - 1*76 June 28— July 8 Christiansund to the Færoes.
„ Juli 17—26; Færøerne til Island 1 p.m., 1 a.m. „ July 17—26 Færoes to Iceland.
„ Aug. 4—13; Island til Namsos 1 a.m., 1 p.m. „ Aug, 4—13 Iceland to Namsos.
1877 Juni 10— Juli 20; udenfor Norges Kyst (i a.m., 4 p.m. 1877 June 16— July 26 Off the Coast of Norway.
„ Juli 2")— Aug. 9; Norge — Jan Mayen "> a.m., 8 p.m. „ July 2"i— Aug. !) Norway — Jan Mayen.
1878 .Tuni 28— Juli 7; Østhavet (i a.m., 4 p.m. 1878 June 28— July 7 The Barents’ Sea.
„ Juli 14—24; Nordkap — Grønlandshavet 0 a.m., p.m. „ July 14—24 North Cape — Greenland Sea.
„ .Tuli 30— Aug. 2.">; Spidsbergen — Grønlandsh. 0 a.m., 0 p.m. „ July 30— Aug. 25 Spitzbergen — Greenland Sea.
7 p.m., 12 p.m.
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