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Havet danner indenfor Fro-Øerne, findes i Dybet en
Temperatur af 7°. medens det under Land er koldere.
Tversnit X gaar fra Langanes, Islands Nordostpynt.
tvers over det norske Hav til Foldenfjorden. Den højeste
Varmegrad i Overfladen, over 8°, findes over de norske
Kystbanker, den laveste, 2°, østenfor Island. Paa den
norske Side bliver det koldere under Land (6.°6), paa
Is-landssiden varmere. Over hele Snittet trænge
Varmegrads-isothermerne sig sammen i de øvre Vandlag. Nul Grad
ligger dybest (400 Favne) midt i Snittet og kun lidt højere
i dets ostlige Del. Henimod Island derimod løfter
Isother-men for 0° sig til 200 Favne ved Station No. 51 og her raskt
o]) til mindre end 100 Favnes Dyb. (Sml. Tversnit V).
Henimod Islands-Banken synker den atter noget dybere,
til 200 Favne. Isothermen for — 1° ligger dybt (1200
Favne) i Midten af Snittet og hæver sig paa begge Sider
til 400 Favne. Et lignende Løb viser Isothermen for
— l°.l. Den laveste Temperatur i Snittet, — 1°.2 til
— 1°.3, holder sig hovedsagelig paa den østlige Skraaning,
hvor den stiger op fra 1700 til G00 Favne, men
forekommer ogsaa paa den vestlige. I Indsænkningen udenfor
Island er af Danskerne observeret — lü.2.
Tversnit XI gaar fra Station No. 90 paa 66° 8’ N.TBr.
3° O E. Lg. til den norske Kyst under den 65.
Breddegrad. Fraregnet noget lavere Temperatur i de øvre Lag
ligner Temperaturens Fordeling her den i det foregaaende
Tversnit. Isothermen for 0° løfter sig mod Kysten.
Tversnit XII ligger mellem den (37. og (36.
Breddegrad udenfor Helgeland. Merkeligt er her paa Banken et
Minimum af Temperatur paa 4."8 og 4.°9 ved Stationerne
121 og 122. Strax nordenfor dette Sted er der, som
Dybde-kartet viser, en Indbugtning i Kystbanken.
Tversnit XIII (Pl. XI; den vestlige Del af Snittet i
midterste Rad til Venstre) gaar fra Grønland over Jan
Mayen-Renden og Norskedybet til den norske Kyst söndenfor
Vestfjorden ved Trænan. Den højeste Temperatur, mellem
7° og 8°, findes over og udenfor de norske Kystbanker.
Det er koldere under Land, 6°. Varinegradsisothermerne ligge
i dette Snit, som i de forrige, temmelig tæt og have i det
Hele en svag Holdning mod Norge. Mod Vest løfte de
sig, navnlig under 3°, raskere opad. Isothermen for 0"
ligger i den østlige Del af det norske Hav paa omkring 400
Favne, eller oftest noget dybere. I Syd for Jan Maven
bojer den, ligesom de øvrige Isothermer, raskere op mod
Overfladen i Jan Mayen-Renden, og skraaner langsomt
opad paa en længere Strækning, indtil den i
Grønlandshavet nordenfor Island naar Overfladen. Største Delen af
Snittet indtages saaledes af iskoldt Vand, med Kuldegrader.
Isothermen for — 1" sænker sig til henimod 900 Favne
over Norskedybet, og løfter sig paa Østsiden til 400 Favne
paa den bratte Skraaning udenfor de norske Kystbanker,
paa Vestsiden til Overfladen udenfor Grønland. Isother-
Den norske Nordliavsexpeditioii. II. Mohn: Nordhavets Dybder, T
Throughout the depression formed by the Fro Sea within
the Fro Islands, the deep part exhibits a temperature of
7°, whereas near land the water is colder.
Section X extends from Langanes, the north-eastern
extremity of Iceland, straight across the Norwegian Sea,
to the Foldenfjord. The highest temperature at the surface,
above 8°, occurs over the Norway coastal banks, the
lowest, 2°, east of Iceland. On the Norwegian side, the
water gets colder towards land (6.°6), on the Iceland side
warmer. Over the whole section, the isotherms for the
higher temperatures crowd together in the upper strata.
The temperature 0° lies deepest (400 fathoms) in the
middle of the section, and but little higher throughout its
eastern part. Towards Iceland, on the other hand, the
isotherm for 0° rises to 200 fathoms, at Station No. 51,
and there reaches rapidly a depth of loss than 100 fathoms
(See Section V). Near the Iceland Bank it sinks somewhat
deeper down, to 200 fathoms. The isotherm for — 1° lies
deep (1200 fathoms) in the middle of the section, rising up
on either side to 400 fathoms. A similar course
characterises the isotherm for — l°.l. The lowest temperature
in the section, — 1°.2 to — 1°.3, keeps principally on the
eastern slope, where it rises from 1700 up to 600 fathoms,
but is also met with on the western. In the depression
off Iceland, the Danish explorers observed — 1°.2.
Section XI extends from Station No. 96, in lat.
66° 8’ N, long. 3" 0’ E, to the coast of Norway, on tin* 65th
parallel of latitude. Apart from a somewhat lower
temperature in the upper strata, the distribution of
temperature here resembles that in the preceding section. The
isotherm for 0° rises towards the coast.
Section XII lies between the 67th and 66th parallels,
off Helgeland. We observe here on the bank a remarkable
minimum of temperature, 4°.8 aud 4".9 at Stations 121
and 122. Immediately to the north of this locality,
there is, as shown by the Map of Depths, an incurvation
along the coastal bank.
Section XIII (Pl. XI; the most westerly part of the
section in the middlemost row to the left) extends from
Greenland across the Jan-Mayen Channel and the Norway
Deep as far as the Norwegian coast, south of the Vestfjord,
at Trænan. The highest temperature, between 7« and 8«,
occurs above and off the Norway coastal banks. The water
is colder inshore, 6°. The isotherms for temperatures above
0° lie in this section, as in the others preceding it, rather
close, and exhibit on the whole a faint incline towards
Norway. Westward, in particular below a temperature of
3°, they rise more abruptly upwards. The isotherm for 0°
lies in the eastern part of the Norwegian Sea, at a depth of
close upon 400 fathoms, or, as a rule, somewhat deeper. South
of Jan Mayen, it curves, in common with tin* other isotherms,
more rapidly towards the surface in the Jan-Mayen Channel,
sloping gradually up for a considerable distance, till,
north of Iceland, in the Greenland Sea, it reaches the
surface. Hence, the greater part of the section contains
ice-cold water, below 0°. The isotherm for — l’1 sinks,
above the Norway Deep, to well-nigh 900 fathoms, rising on
utur og Strømninger. <1
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