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havet gjenfindes paa sine Steder paa de tidligere Karter.
Isothermen for 0° omspænder i den sydlige Del af det
norske Hav et betydeligt større Omraade end i de højere
Niveauer.
Pl. XXI viser Temperaturens Fordeling i 500
Favnes Dyb. I Atlanterhavet er Varmegrader, 2°.9 under
Islandsbanken, 8°.l under Wyville-Thomson-Byggen. I det
norske Hav ere Varmegraderne indskrænkede til Partiet
omkring den 70. Breddegrad mellem Jan Mayen og
Vester-aalen, hvor et Par Maxima paa 2° optræde, det ene under
Land, det andet længere mod Vest, og hvorfra der udgaar
mod Nord en lang smal Tunge til Spidsbergen. Indenfor
denne Tunge, nærmere Banken, er der Kuldegrader. Mod
Vest følger Isothermen for — 1° langs den for 0° fra
Nord-vest-Spidsbergen til Jan-Mayen-Banken. Paa dennes
Vestside bøjer den ind som en Varm e-Tunge, og fortsætter som
en Kulde-Tunge langs Islands-Banken. I
Færø-Shetland-Renden er det koldest i Midten, under — 1°. Lignende
lav Temperatur træffes langs Norges Banker fra 63° til
f>8° Bredde, medens Temperaturen er højere midt i Havet.
PI. XXII viser Temperaturens Førdeling i 600
Favnes Dyb. I Atlanterhavet er fremdeles Varmegrader, over
6° i Sydvest for Færøerne. I det norske Hav ere
Varmegraderne indskrænkede til et enkelt Parti omkring den
71. Breddegrad, der omcirkles af Isothermen for 0°, og
som støder nærmest til Land udenfor Vesteraalen.
Iso-thermerne for — 0°.5 og — 1° danne Tunger udenfor
Bee-ren-Eiland og Spidsbergen, med koldere Vand langs
Banken. Isothermen for — 1° har forøvrigt meget nær samme
Lob som i 500 Favne. Den løber langs Banken fra
Færo-Shetland-Renden til Vesteraalen og har her varmere
Vand vestenfor sig.
Varmegraderne naa i Nordhavet ikke ned til 700
Favnes Dyb. I de følgende 3 Karter, der vise Temperaturens
Fordeling i 1000 og i 1500 Favne samt ved Bunden, har
jeg, forat tydeliggjøre denne, optrukket Isothermerne for
— 1° og for hver Tiendedels Grad under — 1°. Herved
er der, ligesom i Vertical-Snittene, taget Hensyn til de i
Tabellen Side 44—61 opførte Hundredele af Grader. Som
ovenfor Side 39 anført, kunne Bundtemperaturerne ansees
sikkre paa mindre end + 0°.05.
PI. XXIII viser Temperaturens Fordeling i 1000
Favnes Dvb. I den sydligste Del af det norske Hav er
et Maximum, der omcirkles af Isothermen for — 1°, med
lavere Temperatur paa alle Sider. Et lignende Maximum
ligger ved den 70. til 71. Breddegrad i Lofotdybet. Begge
Maxima omsluttes af Isothermen for — 1°. 1. Isothermen
to the bank, as far down as 0° on the 80th parallel of
latitude. Immediately to the north of lat. 75° N, the
ice-cold tongue from the Storfjord asserts its influence. The
cold isothermal tongues from the Greenland Sea are again
met with in their former places on the previous maps.
The isotherm for 0° encloses in the southern part of the
Norwegian Sea a much more extensive space than at
higher levels.
Pl. XXI shows the distribution of temperature at a
depth of 500 fathoms. In the Atlantic, the temperature is
above 0°, reaching 2°.9 at the Iceland Bank and 8°. 1 at the
Wyville-Thomson Ridge. In the Norwegian Sea, the
temperature above 0° is confined to the tract about the
70th parallel of latitude, between Jan Mayen and
Vesteraalen, where a couple of maxima of 2° are found to occur,
one near the coast, the other farther west, and whence a
long, narrow isothermal tongue stretches north to
Spitzbergen. On the inner side of this tongue, at the bank
occurs a temperature below 0°. Towards the west, the
isotherm for — 1° runs parallel to that for 0°, from the
north-west of Spitzbergen to the Jan-Mayen Bank. On the
western slope of the latter, it bends up as a tongue of
of heat, and passes farther on as a tongue of cold along
the Iceland Bank. In the Færoe-Shetland Channel, it is
coldest in the middle part, viz., below — 1°. A similar low
temperature is met with along the Norwegian banks, from
lat. 63° to 68° N, whereas the temperature is higher in
the central part of the sea.
Pl. XXII shows the distribution of temperature at
a depth of 600 fathoms. In the Atlantic, temperatures
above 0°, more than 6°, south-west of the Færoes,
continue to occur. In the Norwegian Sea, we have water
above 0° confined to a single tract, extending round the
71st parallel of latitude, which is enclosed by the
isotherm for 0°, and approaches land nearest Vesteraalen.
The isotherms for — 0°.5 and — 1° form tongues off
Beeren Eiland and Spitzbergen, with colder water along
the banks. The isotherm for — 1° takes, for the rest,
much the same course as in 500 fathoms. It extends
along the bank from the Færoe-Shetland Channel to
Vesteraalen, and has here warmer water on the western side.
A temperature above 0° in the North Ocean does
not reach down to a depth of 700 fathoms. In the
following 3 maps, showing the distribution of temperature
at depths of 1000, 1500 fathoms, and at the bottom,
I have drawn the isotherms for — 1° and for every tenth
of a degree under — 1°. When so doing, regard was
taken, as with the vertical sections, to the hundredths of
degrees given in the Table p. p. 44—61. As stated above,
p. 39, the bottom-temperatures may be considered
trustworthy within + 0°.05.
Pl. XXIII shows the distribution of temperature at
a depth of 1000 fathoms. In the most southern part of
the Norwegian Sea, we have a maximum of temperature
shut in by the isotherm for —1°, on all sides with a lower
temperature. A similar maximum occurs, from the 70th
to the 71st parallel of latitude, in the Lofoten Deep.
10*
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