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Mollem Færøerne og Skotland kommer dot atlantiske
Vand directe ind i vort Nordhav, efter at have udfort en
Drejning fra Retning mod NNE til E og ESE. Mellem
Skotland og Færø-Shetland-Renden er Hastigheden 0.1(5
in. p. S. (7 Kv. i 24’’) til 0.23 m. p. S. (11 Kv. i 24’1).
En Del af Strømmen gaar ned i Nordsøen, som den
omkredser cyclønisk, med ringe Hastighed i don midterste Del
(0.04 m. p. S.; 2 Kv.).
Langs Jyllands Vestkyst løber Strømmen, understøttet
af Elvevandet fra Rhinen, Weseren og Elben, med større
Fart. Ved Fyrskibet Horns Rev er dons midlere aarlige
Retning og Hastighed, beregnet efter Observationerne for
1880 og 18811 fra S 38» E, 0.17 Knob eller 4.1
Kvart-mil i 24 Timer (0.09 m. p. S). Dette stemmer, som man
ser, meget godt mod Kartet PI. XLIII. Retningen er
aabenbart betinget af Kystens Fonn, der skyder sig ud mod WW.
I Skagerak løber Strømmen paa den jydske Side med
betydelig Hastighed langs Landet mod NE. De danske
Observationer fra Fyrskibet Skagens Rev for 1880 og 1881
give en aarlig Strøm-Resultant af S 39° W til N 39° E.
0.7 Knob eller 18 Kvartmil i 24 Timer (0.38 m. p. S.).
Dette stemmer ganske med vort Kart.
1 den inderste Del af Skagerak moder denne Strøm
det højere Vandspejl, der hidrører fra Østersøens forsko
Vande. I Kattegat, ved Fyrskibet Læsø Rende, løber,
ifølge de danske Observationer, Strømmens Aarsresultant
mod Nord, og dette er nærmere Vestkysten end Østkysten.
Vi slutte deraf, at Vandet i Kattegat er, i Overfladen, i
Bevægelse nordover, muligens1’mod Undtagelse af en Del
under den svenske Kyst. Den nordgaaencle Bevægelse
fortsætter i Skagerak langs Sveriges Kyst, og bøjer, sammen
med don forbi Skagen løbende Strøm, om mod Vest og
Sydvest udenfor Christiaiiiafjordens Munding. Vod Jylland
løber Strømmen understøttet af do herskende Vinde. Under
den norske Kyst er Resultanten af disse omtrent Nul.
Vinterens nordostlige opveje næsten Sommerens sydvestlige
Vinde2. Men her kommer, foruden Vandet fra Østersøen,
efterhaanden Vandet fra de største Elve i Norge til og
forhøje Vandspejlet under Kysten. Strømmen langs Kysten
betinges af Tæthedsfladens Heldning udad fra samme.
Denne Strøm, der efter vort Kart løber mod Sydvest, Vest
og Nordvest fra Christianiafjordens Munding til Lister og
videre med en Fart af 10 Kvartmil i Døgnet (0.22 m. p. S.)
er vore Søfarende vel bekjendt. Med Modvind af S W kunne
de, krydsende med rebede Sejl, i nogle faa Dage komme
from fra Færder til Oxø, Lindesnes og Lister.
’ Meteorologisk Aarbog, wlgivct af det danske meteorologiske
Institut.
2 Ø’sterr. ZeitscMft fiir Metcöirölögie lss.\ S. 47!).
Between the Fan-oes and Scotland, the Atlantic
water tinds direct ingress into the North Ocean, after
a bend from NNE to E and ESE. Between Soot la ml
and the Færoe-Shetland Channel, the velocity is 0.10 m.
per see. (7 nautical miles in 24 hours) to 0.23 in. per see.
(11 naut. miles in 24 hours). Part of this current flows into
the North Sea, which it encircles cyclonic-ally, with a
trilling velocity in the middle (0.04 m. per see., 2 naut. miles).
Along the west coast of Jutland, the current, reinforced
by river-water from the Rhine, the Weser, and the Elbe,
flows with greater velocity. At the light-ship Horns Rev,
its mean annual direction and velocity, computed from
the observations taken in 1880 and 1881,’ is from S38°E,
0.17 knots, or 4.1 nautical miles in 24 hours (0.09 m. per see.).
This, as will bo seen, agrees very closely with the map.
PI. XLIII. The direction is obviously determined by the
form of the coast, which juts out towards the WXW.
In the Skagerak, the current flows, on the Jutland
side, with considerable velocity along the shore, towards
the NE. The Danish observations taken on board the
light-ship Skagens Rev for 1880 and 1881. give a resultant
for the year of S 39° W to N39°E. 0.7 knots, or 18
nautical miles in 24 hours (0.38 m. per see.). This agrees exactly
with our map.
In the inner part of the Skagerak, this current moots
the higher level arising from the brackish’ waters of
the Baltic. In the Cattegat. at the light-ship Læsø
Rondo, the current, i. e.. its annual resultant, sets,
according to the Danish observations, toward the north, and this
is nearer the west than the east coast. Hence ’we may
infer, that the water in the Cattegat, at the surface, is in
motion northward, some part perhaps on the Swedish
coast excepted. The north-setting motion continues, in the
Skagerak. along the coast o t’ Sweden, and bonds, together with
the current flowing past the Scaw, round toward the west and
south-west, off the embouchure of the Christiania Fjord.
Off Jutland, the current flows on, impelled by the
pro-vailing winds. Along the Norwegian coast, the resultant
of these winds is well-nigh zero. The north-eastern winds
of winter almost counterbalance the south-western Svinds
of summer.2 But hero, exclusive £ of the water from
the Baltic, that from the largest rivers in Norway ’ is
gradually superadded, [raising the level of the sea in
immediate proximity to the coast. The current setting along
the shore is determined by the inclination of the surface
of density sloping seaward. This current, which,
according to our map, flows toward the south-west. west, and
north-west from) the mouth of the Christiania Fjord to Lister,
and farther [still, with a velocity of 10 nautical miles in
24 hours (0.22 m. per see.), is well known to mariners.
Beating, with reefed sails, against a head wind from the
south-west, they can advance in a few days from Færder
to Oxo. Lindesnes, and Lister.
1 Meteorologisk Aarbog, published by the Danish
Meteorological Institute.
’- H’sterr. Zeitsehrift fiir Mrieorolosrie iss:., p. 47ü.
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