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indeslutter en Kjærne, som er indhyllet i en kornet Masse.
Vi antage disse Legemer for encellede Slimkjertler.
der har sin særskilte Udførselsgang, som løber imellem
Epi-thelcellerne for at udmunde paa Kroppens Overflade. Flere
af disse Kjertier vare tomme, og da saaes Kjærnen meget
tydeligt.
Det hyaline Bindevævslag støder umiddelbart til
Muskelhuden (Ring- og Længdemuskler).
Ringmusklerne, Fig. 9, /, gaa paa den forreste og
bagerste Ende rundt Kroppen uden Afbrydelse, imedens de
paa Midten af Legemet ere afbrudte af Radialnerverne og
Længdemusklerne, og danne altsaa her Tværmuskler.
Muskelbundterne ere temmelig brede og sammenbundne med
et.gjennemsigtigt Bindevæv. Ringmusklerne danne paa den
bagerste Ende en stærk Sphincter, der omgiver
Anal-aabningen.
Længdemusklerne ere fortil fæstede paa
Radialstykkerne, strax bag Nerveudløbet, bagtil gaa de henimod
Analaabningen, hvor de fæste sig paa selve Sphincter, idet
enkelte Fibre udbrede sig paa denne. Muskelhuden er
beklædt af Peritoneum med sit flimrende Epithel.
Fra Peritoneum udgaa paa den forreste Del af
Kropshulheden mange yderst smaa Legemer af forskjellig Fonn.
der hænge frit i Hulheden. Nogle ere korte, stilkløse, dels
næsten kuglerunde, dels mere aflange og ere fra 0.009 —
0.012mm lange og O.OOö—0.009’"" brede, Tab. VI, Fig. 10;
andre ere meget mere langstrakte, stilkede, tildels
cylinderformede med en bladdannet Yderende, Fig. 11, og ere fra
0.034—0.069"" lange og 0.003—0.004"" brede.. Alle disse
Legemer bestaa af en tynd Hud, som beklædes af Epithel,
hvis Celler ligge her meget spredte, Fig. 10, a, a, og ere
de for Synaptiderne særegne Organer, hvis Function i Jang
Tid har været meget gaadefuld, og som endnu ikke er
ganske opklaret.
Vore Undersøgelser af disse Organer ere foretagne
paa Spiritusexemplarer, og kan forsaavidt være mangelfulde.
Ved imidlertid at sammenligne dem med Leydigs, anstillede
paa levende Exemplarer af Synapta digitata, og ved at
sammenstille dem med Ludvigs Beskrivelse over
"Vimper-cellen" hos Comatulaerne, — ere vi komne til den
Formening, at de som mere udviklede Flimmerorganer tjene
til at sætte Kropsvædsken i end stærkere Bevægelse.
Saavidt vore Undersøgelser strække, kunne vi med Bestemthed
sige, at de ikke staa i Forbindelse med Kar. men ere
fæstede Ved Bindevæv til Kropsvæggen, og have en afsluttet
Hulhed, hvilket er overensstemmende med Johannes Müllers
og Sempers Iagttagelser.
I det hyaline Bindevæv ere to Slags Kalkhjul leirede
rundt hele Kroppen, og det paa en saadan Maade, at de
0.006"" in length and 0.003m" in breadth, consist of a
thin translucent membrane, investing a nucleus enveloped
by a granulous substance.
We regard these corpuscles as unicellular mucous glands,
furnished with an excretory duct extending between the
epithelial cells and opening on the surface of the body.
Several of these glands were empty, and the nucleus could
in that case be distinctly seen.
The hyaline layer of connective tissue is connate with
the muscular integument (annular and longitudinal muscles).
The annular muscles, flg. 9. /. encircle the body
without interruption at the anterior and posterior
extremities: in the middle, however, they are intersected by the
radial nerves and longitudinal muscles, forming here
accordingly transverse muscles. The muscular fascicles are rather
broad and webbed together by transparent connective tissue.
At the posterior extremity, the annular muscles unite to
form a powerful .sphincter, surrounding the anal aperture.
Anteriorly, the longitudinal muscles are attached to
the radial segments of the calcareous ring, immediately
posterior to the point at which the nerves originate;
posteriorly, they proceed to the anal aperture, where they
are attached to the sphincter, over which several of their
fibres extend. The muscular membrane is -covered hy the
peritoneum with its vibratile epithelial layer.
From the peritoneum, on the anterior portion of the
perivisceral cavity, extend nmnerous exceedingly minute
corpuscles of divers forms, which project freely in the said
cavity. Some of these corpuscles, measuring from 0.009""
to 0.012 in length, and from 0.005""" to 0.009"" in
breadth. Pl. VI, flg. 10. are short, non-pedunculate, and in
form either almost globular or more or less oval: otberfc,
measuring from 0.O34"" to 0.069"" in length, and from
0.0O3to 0.004"" in breadth, flg. 11, are much more
elongate, pedunculate, and in part cylindric with a
foliace-ous extremity. All these corpuscles consist of a thin
membrane, covered with epithelium, in which the cells lie
far apart, fig. 10, a, a. and constitute organs peculiar
to the • Synaptidæ, whose function was long a puzzle to
zoologists, and the nature of which is not yet
satisfactorily determined.
Unfortunately, we have had none but spirit-specimens
in which to examine these organs; but. on comparing our.
results with those of Ley dig, from observations instituted
on living examples of Synapta digit ata, and with Ludvigs
description of the u v impel- cell" in «the Cotnatulæ, we are
decidedly of opinion that, as vibratile organs in a more
advanced stage of development, these cells serve to give
increased rapidity of motion to the fluid circulating in the
perivisceral cavity. Assuming our observations to be conect,
we can safely affirm, that the organs in question have no
connexion whatever with any kind of vessels, being attached
by a membrane to the wall of the body, and having a
cavity, which is borne out by Midler’s and Semper’s
investigations.
Round the whole of the body two kinds of wheel-shaped
spicules are embedded in the hyaline connective tissue.
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