- Project Runeberg -  Den Norske Nordhavs-expedition 1876-1878 / The Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition 1876-1878 / 4. Bind /
43

(1880-1901) [MARC]
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43

rørformigu Forlængelser, som strække sig fra den ydre
Kand til den hvælvede glatte Del af Skiven. Fig. 1. c, 2, c,

— og der. hvor de ophore, tindes en skarp Fordybning,
som adskiller den hvælvede indre Del af Skiven fra flennes
ydre Del. Fig. 2, b. Imellem disse Forlængelser sees
aflange Fordybninger, der ere bredere udad. Fig. 1. il. 2. d,
og i disse-Fordybninger iagttages ligesaa mange yderst korte

— næsten rudimentære — tredelte Tentakler. Fig. 2. e.
Naar Dyret er udstrakt, saa er ogsaa de rorfonnige
Forlængelser opsvulmede og hvælvede, og da faar Legemets
forreste Del Lighed med et Hjul. hvis Centrum dannes af
Munden. Peripherien af Mundskivens ydre Rand. og
Radierne af de rorfonnige Forlængelser.

Legemets Overflade er ved 5 Par Længdemuskler
delt i 5 Felter, hvoraf 2 tilhore Rygsiden og tre ßugsiden.
Længdemusklerne strække sig fra den forreste lige ud til
Spidsen af den bagerste Ende. Hvert Muskelpar er adskilt
ved et Mellemrum af omtr. 1 mm Bredde. Fig. 1. e.

Huden.

Huden er bygget som hos Holothuriderne i
Almindelighed. Cuticula. der danner det yderste Lng. er glat.
gjennemsigtig og strukturlos. Tab. VIII. Fig. 19. u.
"Epi-thelet eller Subcuticularlaget. der ligger indenfor, dannes
af Cylinderceller. Fig. 19. b. Indenfor dette er Corium.
der er omtrent 0.3™’" tyk paa Midten af Legemet, medens
den imod begge Ender bliver indtil 0.5 m’\

Den egentlige Læderhud bestaar af en temmelig fast
Binde wevssuhstants. i hvis ydre Lag tindes
forskjelligfor-mede Kalklegemer. samt Pigmentceller, Tab. VIII. Fig. 16.
17. Dette ydre Lag er tæt sammenvævet af
Bindevævs-fibriller, som krydse hverandre i forskjellige Retninger. Tab.
VIII. Fig. 19. c. og sainmenkittes af en hyalin intermediær
Substants. Pigmentçellerne have Udlobere og ere fyldte
med et mere eller mindre morkeviolet Farvestof, der ogsaa
paa enkelte Steder tindes i mindre Klumper udenfor
Cellerne. Disse Klumper ere temmelig spredte paa en stor
Del af La^derhudeu. imedens de paa enkelte Steder ere
lei-rede meget tæt sammen, hvor de endog ligge i Rasker.

Det indre Bindevævslag. Tab. VIII. Fig. 19. d. er
yderst smalt, hyalint. har hist og her enkelte Fibre, der
synes at være Fortsættelser fra det ydre Lag. og er
sparsomt paa smaa runde Kalklegemer. Ved at behandle et
Tversnit af* Huden med Reagentser. nemlig enten Eosin
eller Picrokarmin. Glycerin og en fortyndet kaustisk
Kalilud. differentserer de forskjellige Va»v sig saavidt, at det
bliver muligt at iagttage dem. og da sees under stærk
Forstørrelse (Gundelach No. VI—I) i det indre hyaline
Bindevævslag baade forgrenede Bindevævsceller. Tab. VIII. Fig.
36. og mere eller mindre aflange, temmelig klare Celler.

by 15 tubular probations, extending from the outer margin
to the smooth arcuate- sectiou of the disk. flg. 1. c; 2. c;
and at the point where they terminate is seen a well
defined furrow, which separates the inner arcuate portion
of the disk from the outer, fig. 2. b. Between these
pro-lations are seen a number of oval cavities, broadest
externally. fig. 1. d; 2, d; and these cavities contain each an
exceedingly short — almost rudimentary — tripartite
tentacle, fig. 2. e. When the animal blows itself out, the
tubular prolatioris also become swollen and arcuate, which gives
. to the anterior part of the body the appearance of a wheel,
the mouth representing the nave, the outer margin of the
oral disk the circumference, and the tubular prolations the
spokes. Five pairs of longitudinal muscles divide the
surface of the body into as many sections, 2 of which belong
to the dorsal and three to the ventral surface. The
longitudinal muscles extend throughout the whole length of the
"body, from the anterior to the posterior extremity. A
space about 1 "™ in width intervenes between each pair of
muscles. Jig. 1. e.

Skin.

The composition of the integument is that common
to Holothurians. The cuticle, forming the outer layer, is
smooth, translucent and structureless. Pl. VIII. fig. 19, a.
The epithelium, or subcuticular layer, extending beneath
it. consists of cyliudric cells, fig. 19. b. Underneath the
latter is the .corium. about 0.3"™ thick in the middle of
the body and 0.5w" near both extremities.

The corium consists of rather firm connective tissue,
in the outer layer of which are dispersed calcareous
spicules. differing in fonn, and pigmentary cells, Pl. VIII.
figs. 16. 17. This outer layer is built up of closely
interwoven fibrils of connective tissue, which intersect one
an-othar in various directions. Pl. VIII, fig. 19. c, a hyaline
substance joining them, as it were, together. The
pigmentary cells are furnished with offsho.ots, and contain a more
or less deep violet-coloured substance, which in some
places occurs as small lumps outside the cells. These lumps
are a good deal scattered throughout a considerable
portion of the corium. but exceedingly close in some places,
where they even constitute distinct series.

The inner layer of connective tissue, Pl. VIII. fig. 19. d,
is very narrow, hyaline, with here and there a few fibrils,
continuations apparently of the outer layer, and is but
sparingly provided with small circular calcareous corpuscles.
On treating a section of the integument with chemical
agents, for instance eosine. picrocarmine. or glycerine and
a diluted solution of caustic potash, the various tissues
admit of being observed separately, and. when viewed under
a powerful magnifier (Gundelach No. VI—I), both ramose
cells of connective tissue. PI. VIII. fig. 36, and more
or less oblong, brightish cells, containing an agglome-

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