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40
velse og Afbildning hos Sars. Begge disse Forfattere have
kun været i Besiddelse af et voxent og et meget ungt
Exemplar, og ligesom Undersøgelserne derved nødvendigvis
maa være blevne mere indskrænkede, saaledes have de heller
ikke havt Anledning til at kunne anstille Sammenligninger,
der jo bidrage saameget til sikrere at kunne bestemme
Arten. Retten til at opføre Pedicellaster palæocrystaUus som
synonym formene vi nu at have begrundet.
Pedicellaster typieus synes at være meget udbredt; men
visselig maa dens egentlige Hjem være de arktiske Have.
Den er funden ved de norske Kyster fra Sognefjorden
til den nordlige Del af Vestfinmarken, ved den murmanske
Kyst, ved Novaja-Semlja, ved den nordamerikanske Kyst,
i Discovery Bugten, 81° 41’ N. B., 25 Favnes Dyb; ved
Cap Frazer, 79° 44’ N. B., 80 Favne (Capt. Fielden);
fremdeles paa den norske Nordhavs-Expedition paa de
forhen angivne Stationer.
Fra Kerguelens Land har Edgar Smith1 opført som
ny Art Pedicellaster scaber, der adskilles fra Sars’s Art,
ved at Ambulacralfuren er smalere, og at
Ambulacralpig-gene danne 3 Rækker. Paa vore Exemplarer er
Ambula-cralfuren stundom meget smal; paa 2 Exemplarer
fandtes 3 Rukker Furepigge paa enkelte Arme, imedens
andre havde 2, og paa et Exemplar fra Sognefjorden var
der 3 Rækker Furepigge paa et Stykke af Armen, der
indtoges af 5 Adambulacralplader. Efter dette ere vi
til-bøielige til at tro, at de Karakterer, der efter Smith skal
adskille hans Art fra Pedicellaster typieus, ikke ere
konstante, og at det saaledes er en klimatisk Varietet, men
ingen udpræget Art, han har havt for sig.
Echinaster scrobiculatus, n. sp.
Tab. ’VI, Fig. 10—11. Tab. VII, Fig. 12—14.
Legemet 5-armet. Den lille Radius forholder sig til
den store som 1:3. Skivens Diameter 4,5mm. Armenes
Længde 5,5, hele Søstjernens Diameter 15mm, Fig. 10&11.
Ryggen er temmelig flad, stærkt retikuleret og besat
med korte, lidt. afstumpede, enkeltstaaende Pigge, Fig. 11.
Den forholdsvis brede Skive er kun lidet hvælvet.
Piggene ere uregelmæssigt ordnede, oftest enkeltstaaende,
sjeldnere to sammen, og i enhver Maske sees saagodtsom over
hele Skiven en dybtliggende Tentakelpore.
Analaabningen subcentral, omgivet af en aflang Ring
fine Pigge, Fig. 11.
1 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.
Volume 108 (extra Volume 1879) pag. 271.
scription and illustration. Both of these writers, have had in
their posession, only one adult, and one very young specimen,
and just as their observations must, thus, of necessity, have
been limited, so, neither, can they have had opportunity to
institute comparisons, which, of course, assist so much in
diagnosing the species with greater certainty.
We think, we have now shown good reasons, for
classifying Pedicellaster palæocrystaUus, as synonymous with
Pedicéllaster typieus.
Pedicellaster typieus appears to be widely distributed,
but its proper home must evidently be the Arctic seas.
It is found on the Norwegian coast extending from
Sognefjord to the northern part of western Finmark; on theMurman
Coast; at Nova Zembla; on the North American coast;
in Discovery Bay (81° 41’ N. L.) at a depth of 25
fathoms; off Cape Fraser (79° 44’ N. L.) at a depth of 80
fathoms (Capt. Fielden), and further during the Norwegian
North-Atlantic Expedition at the stations already tabulated.
From Kerguelen’s Land, Edgar Smith1 has presented
as a new species Pedicellaster scaber, which differs from
Sars’ species, in, that the ambulacral spines form 3 series.
In our specimens, the ambulacral furrow is occasionally
very narrow, and on a few rays of two specimens, 3
series of spines were found, whilst others had 2 series. In
one specimen from Sognefjord, 3 series of furrow-spines
were found upon a portion of the ray which was included
by 5 adambulacral plates. From this we incline to think,
that the specific features which according to Smith define
the difference between his species and Pedicellaster typicus,
are not constant, and, that it is thus a climatic variety, and
not a distinct species, which he has had before him. ,
Echinaster scrobiculatus, n. sp.
Pl. VI, figs. 10, 11. Pl. VII, figs. 12-—14.
The body is 5-ra.yed. The disk-radius bears to the
brachial radius, the proportion of, as 1:3. The disk’s
diameter is 4.5mm and the length of the rays is 5.5""". The
total diameter of this starfish is 15mm (Pl. VI, figs. 10,11).
The abactinal surface is rather flat; strongly
reticulated, and beset with short, somewhat blunted, solitary
spines (Pl. VI, fig. 11). The disk is only sligthly convex,
and is proportionally broad. The spines are arranged
irregularly, and are situated singly; but occasionally, although
rarely, two together. In each mesh of the reticulation,
nearly over the whole of the disk, there is visible a deeply
situated tentacular pore.
The anal aperture is submesial, and is surrounded by
an oblong ring of spinelets (Pl. VI, fig. 11).
1 Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London.
Volume 108 (extra Volume 1879) pag. 271.
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