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lies Trondhjem on ancient, classic soil. South of this fjord, the
strip of population tapers off along the coast, but in Sogn pushes
far inland. South of the Sogne Fjord, the line of habitation
again becomes broader along the coast about Bergen, Haugesund
and Stavanger, and several of the islands outside are quite thickly
inhabited. In the Lister-Mandal division there comes another
broader belt of inhabited country, which, however, diminishes
again in width at Arendal, but then once more becomes broader,
and, with a few off-shoots upwards — large valleys — merges into
the well-populated districts around and north of the Kristiania
Fjord. This inhabited country continues in an almost unbroken
line through Østerdalen and Guldalen to Trøndelagen, through
Gudbrandsdalen and Raumadalen to the Romsdal division, and through
Valdres to the country round the head of the Sogne Fjord.
About two thirds of the entire population of the country live
upon the coast and up the fjords, about a fourth part in the
interior lowland districts, while the remainder, about 10 % of the
population, belong to the mountain districts. The dwellings in
the latter extend to a considerable height above the sea, the height
in some places being more than 3000 feet for farms for winter
habitation.
We will now proceed to consider the distribution of the
population from another point of view, namely, its division into country
and town population.
In 1891, the population of the Norwegian towns amounted
to 474,129 persons or 23.70 percent of the whole population, while
the remaining 76.30 per cent fell to the rural districts. The growth
of the town population in Norway belongs principally to the
present century. In 1801, the towns did not amount to quite 10 %
of the population of the kingdom, and not until about 1880 was
20 % exceeded; but at the close of 1896, they amounted to about
26 %. Sweden, and still more Finland, have a relatively less
numerous town population than Norway; Denmark on the contrary,
a very much more numerous one. The average for Europe may
be put at 33 %. In England, in 1891, between ⅔ and ¾ of the
population lived in the towns. Comparison, however, is difficult,
as the idea expressed by the word «town» is very vague. In
Norway, the limit is legal, in several other countries only
conventional, every collection of people, that is above a certain size,
being reckoned as a town.
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