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It will be seen from this that the relative number of persons
with an occupation, which in 1876 amounted to 61.10 per cent of
the entire population, fell in the course of the succeeding 15 years
to 59.20 per cent. This decline may be partly accounted for by
the comparatively greater increase in the older age-classes during
this period; and in addition to this, the working age on the whole
begins rather later now than formerly. It will also be seen that
the number of school-children and students has increased notably
in the course of the period here under discussion. In addition to
this, we may presume that the particulars in 1891 have been more
accurate than those of 1876.
If we compare the sizes of the earning and the non-earning
portions of the Norwegian population with the corresponding
conditions in other countries, we lind that in this respect our land
is very unfavourably situated, the productive portion of the
population here being comparatively small. This, moreover, is a
consequence of what has previously been stated about the unfavourable
distribution of the Norwegian population according to age. One
result of the protracted physical development in cold climates is
that the working-age begins later in the northern countries.
On account of the exceedingly great importance that the
relative size of the productive portion of the population has for
the economical development of each country, the following
comparative table for Norway and a few other countries, from the
German statistics of social position for 1882, is subjoined.
Out of every 100 persons in the 2 following age-groups, there
was, according to the above-mentioned table, the following number
of working persons:
| Countries | Above 15 Years of Age | Under 15 Years of Age | ||||
| The two Sexes | Males | Females | The two Sexes | Males | Females | |
| Norway | 54.00 | 80.40 | 30.40 | 2.10 | 2.00 | 2.20 |
| Germany ..... | 63.00 | 92.40 | 35.40 | 3.30 | 4.00 | 2.60 |
| Scotland ..... | 63.60 | 94.80 | 36.20 | 3.40 | 3.70 | 3.10 |
| England & Wales . . | 64.40 | 93.90 | 37.20 | 4.90 | 5.90 | 4.00 |
| Ireland ...... | 66.50 | 92.30 | 42.70 | 5.60 | 6.80 | 4.50 |
| Italy ... | 70.80 | 90.50 | 51.10 | 21.30 | 24.20 | 18.20 |
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